Dijkstra Bauke W, Bekkers Esther M J, Gilat Moran, de Rond Veerle, Hardwick Robert M, Nieuwboer Alice
Neuromotor Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, Bus 1501, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, Bus 1501, 3001, Leuven, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Aug;115:351-362. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.04.028. Epub 2020 May 11.
Postural instability is a strong risk factor for falls that becomes more prominent with aging. To facilitate treatment and prevention of falls in an aging society, a thorough understanding of the neural networks underlying postural control is warranted. Here, we present a systematic review of the functional neuroimaging literature of studies measuring posture-related neural activity in healthy subjects. Study methods were overall heterogeneous. Eleven out of the 14 studies relied on postural simulation in a supine position (e.g. motor imagery). The key nodes of human postural control involved the brainstem, cerebellum, basal ganglia, thalamus and several cortical regions. An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis revealed that the anterior cerebellum was consistently activated across the wide range of postural tasks. The cerebellum is known to modulate the brainstem nuclei involved in the control of posture. Hence, this systematic review with meta-analysis provides insight into the neural correlates which underpin human postural control and which may serve as a reference for future neural network and region of interest analyses.
姿势不稳是跌倒的一个重要危险因素，且随着年龄增长而愈发显著。为了在老龄化社会中促进跌倒的治疗和预防，有必要深入了解姿势控制背后的神经网络。在此，我们对健康受试者中测量与姿势相关神经活动的功能神经影像学文献进行了系统综述。研究方法总体上存在异质性。14项研究中有11项依赖于仰卧位姿势模拟（如运动想象）。人类姿势控制的关键节点包括脑干、小脑、基底神经节、丘脑和几个皮质区域。激活可能性估计元分析显示，在广泛的姿势任务中，前小脑持续被激活。已知小脑可调节参与姿势控制的脑干核团。因此，这项带有元分析的系统综述为支撑人类姿势控制的神经关联提供了见解，这些关联可能为未来的神经网络和感兴趣区域分析提供参考。
