Department of Psychology, Clemson University, United States.
Department of Psychology, Clemson University, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2020 Jul;142:105575. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105575. Epub 2020 May 11.
For safety purposes, it is critical that bicyclists be conspicuous to drivers. We report two experiments that investigated the benefits of bicycle taillights and fluorescent clothing for enhancing the bicyclist's rear conspicuity in daylight. In Experiment 1, 24 participants sat in a car parked on a closed road at each of three distances and rated the conspicuity of four bicyclists displaying taillights that varied in their placement, intensity, and mode. The results confirmed that bicycle taillights can significantly enhance conspicuity in daylight. Varying the placement of the taillights revealed that having an "always on" taillight mounted to each of the rider's ankles was the most conspicuous location to mount taillights, and this effect was particularly strong at greater viewing distances. For seat post-mounted taillights, flashing taillights were rated as more conspicuous. In Experiment 2, 186 participants were passengers on a short drive during which they pressed a button each time they recognized that a bicyclist was present. Each participant passed a test bicyclist wearing one of four clothing configurations. When the cyclist wore a fluorescent yellow jersey paired with fluorescent yellow leg covers, participants responded from a distance that was 3.3 times greater than when the cyclist wore the same jersey without the yellow leg covers. Both of these experiments demonstrate that highlighting bicyclists' pedaling motion enhances their conspicuity when viewed from behind. These results further emphasize the conspicuity benefits of biological motion and provide bicyclists with techniques to enhance their own conspicuity in daylight.
出于安全考虑，自行车手对于司机来说必须具有较高的可见度。我们报告了两项实验，研究了自行车尾灯和荧光服装对增强自行车骑手在白天的后部可见度的好处。在实验 1 中，24 名参与者坐在停在封闭道路上的汽车中，在三个距离处的每个距离处，对四个展示不同位置、强度和模式的尾灯的自行车骑手的可见度进行了评分。结果证实，自行车尾灯可以在白天显著提高可见度。尾灯位置的变化表明，将一个“始终开启”的尾灯安装在骑手的每个脚踝上是安装尾灯最显眼的位置，而这种效果在更远的观察距离下尤为明显。对于座管安装的尾灯，闪烁的尾灯被评为更显眼。在实验 2 中，186 名参与者作为乘客参加了一次短途驾驶，每次他们认出自行车手在场时，他们都会按下一个按钮。每个参与者都经过了一名穿着四种服装配置之一的测试自行车手。当骑自行车的人穿着荧光黄色运动衫和荧光黄色护腿套时，与骑自行车的人穿着相同的运动衫但没有黄色护腿套相比，参与者从更远的距离做出反应。这两个实验都表明，突出自行车手的踩踏动作可以增强他们从后面看时的可见度。这些结果进一步强调了生物运动的可见度优势，并为骑自行车的人提供了在白天增强自身可见度的技术。
