School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín 050031, Colombia.
School of Health Sciences, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Calle 78 B # 72 A-109, Medellín 050034, Colombia.
Molecules. 2020 May 12;25(10):2270. doi: 10.3390/molecules25102270.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the type with the second highest morbidity. Recently, a great number of bioactive compounds and encapsulation techniques have been developed. Thus, this paper aims to review the drug delivery strategies for chemotherapy adjuvant treatments for CRC, including an initial scientific-technological analysis of the papers and patents related to cancer, CRC, and adjuvant treatments. For 2018, a total of 167,366 cancer-related papers and 306,240 patents were found. Adjuvant treatments represented 39.3% of the total CRC patents, indicating the importance of adjuvants in the prognosis of patients. Chemotherapy adjuvants can be divided into two groups, natural and synthetic (5-fluorouracil and derivatives). Both groups can be encapsulated using polymers. Polymer-based drug delivery systems can be classified according to polymer nature. From those, anionic polymers have garnered the most attention, because they are pH responsive. The use of polymers tailors the desorption profile, improving drug bioavailability and enhancing the local treatment of CRC via oral administration. Finally, it can be concluded that antioxidants are emerging compounds that can complement today's chemotherapy treatments. In the long term, encapsulated antioxidants will replace synthetic drugs and will play an important role in curing CRC.
结直肠癌（CRC）是发病率第二高的癌症。最近，已经开发出了大量具有生物活性的化合物和封装技术。因此，本文旨在综述用于 CRC 化疗辅助治疗的药物传递策略，包括对癌症、CRC 和辅助治疗相关论文和专利的初步科技分析。在 2018 年，共发现了 167366 篇癌症相关论文和 306240 项专利。辅助治疗占 CRC 专利总数的 39.3%，表明辅助治疗在患者预后中的重要性。化疗辅助剂可分为天然和合成（5-氟尿嘧啶及其衍生物）两类。这两组都可以用聚合物进行封装。基于聚合物的药物传递系统可以根据聚合物的性质进行分类。其中，阴离子聚合物受到了最多的关注，因为它们对 pH 值有响应。聚合物的使用可以调整药物的解吸曲线，提高药物的生物利用度，并通过口服给药增强 CRC 的局部治疗效果。最后可以得出结论，抗氧化剂是新兴的化合物，可以补充当前的化疗治疗。从长远来看，封装抗氧化剂将取代合成药物，并在治疗 CRC 方面发挥重要作用。
