Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2020 May 14;10(1):7971. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-64668-z.
Sustainable land-use management must account for the potential trade-offs between biodiversity conservation, productive land uses and ecosystem services. In this study, we used Marxan with Zones to generate land use plans that optimize conservation, farming and forestry land uses to reach biodiversity targets while minimizing the opportunity cost for local communities in an inhabited but data-poor National Park in the Andes of Bolivia. Based on six alternative land-use plans, we identified the synergies and trade-offs between the biodiversity benefits achieved in the different plans and the delivery of four locally important water-related ecosystem services modeled with the web-based tool AguAAndes. Although we find synergies between the conservation of high altitude Polylepis woodlands and their associated avifauna and three of the ecosystem services investigated, soil erosion levels were actually higher in scenarios with higher achieved biodiversity benefits. Our study shows how systematic conservation planning and ecosystem service delivery modelling can be used to solve land-use conflicts and identify trade-offs between biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services in a data-poor tropical area.
可持续土地利用管理必须考虑到生物多样性保护、土地生产利用和生态系统服务之间的潜在权衡。在这项研究中，我们使用 Marxan with Zones 生成土地利用规划，以优化保护、农业和林业用地的利用，在玻利维亚安第斯山脉一个有人居住但数据匮乏的国家公园内，实现生物多样性目标，同时使当地社区的机会成本最小化。基于六个替代土地利用计划，我们确定了不同计划中实现的生物多样性效益与通过基于网络的 AguAAndes 工具模拟的四项与水有关的本地重要生态系统服务之间的协同作用和权衡。尽管我们发现高海拔 Polylepis 林地及其相关鸟类与所研究的三个生态系统服务之间存在协同作用，但在实现更高生物多样性效益的情景中，土壤侵蚀水平实际上更高。我们的研究表明，如何在数据匮乏的热带地区，通过系统的保护规划和生态系统服务提供模型，解决土地利用冲突，确定生物多样性保护和生态系统服务之间的权衡。
