Almaghrabi Reem S, Alfuraih Sadeem, Alohaly Rand, Mohammed Shamayel, Alrajhi Abdulrahman A, Omrani Ali S
Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Tanaffos. 2019 Mar;18(3):238-243.
To describe the clinical presentations, treatment regimen, and outcomes of pneumonia (PJP) among immunocompromised patients at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center in Saudi Arabia.
In this retrospective cohort study, patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of PJP were included.
During the study, 42 patients with confirmed PJP were identified. Twenty (48%) patients were HIV-infected, while 22 (52%) were HIV negative. The median T-cell count (CD ) was below 50 cells/mL in HIV patients with PJP at the time of HIV and PJP diagnoses. Graft rejection, cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation, and lymphopenia were associated with the development of PJP in transplant recipients; and high-dose steroids for non-transplant patients. The all-cause mortality at 90 days was lower in individuals with HIV-related PJP, compared to those with other predisposing conditions (10% and 32%, respectively; P=0.085). No specific risk factors were independently associated with the increased risk of mortality.
PJP remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, with a higher mortality rate reported in non-HIV patients.
描述沙特阿拉伯费萨尔国王专科医院和研究中心免疫功能低下患者中肺孢子菌肺炎（PJP）的临床表现、治疗方案及预后。
在这项回顾性队列研究中，纳入实验室确诊为PJP的患者。
研究期间，共确定42例确诊为PJP的患者。20例（48%）患者感染HIV，22例（52%）患者HIV阴性。HIV合并PJP患者在HIV及PJP诊断时，T细胞计数（CD）中位数低于50个细胞/毫升。移植受者中，移植物排斥、巨细胞病毒（CMV）激活及淋巴细胞减少与PJP的发生相关；非移植患者中，高剂量类固醇与PJP发生相关。与其他易感因素患者相比，HIV相关PJP患者90天全因死亡率较低（分别为10%和32%；P = 0.085）。无特定危险因素与死亡率增加独立相关。
PJP仍然是免疫功能低下患者发病和死亡的重要原因，非HIV患者报告的死亡率更高。
