Huang Lu, Peng Zhuang, Lu Cong, Chen Ying, Lv Jing-Wei, Qin Meng, Liao Duan-Fang, Liu Xin-Min, Shi Zhe
1Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208 Hunan China.
2Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China.
Chin Med. 2020 May 7;15:44. doi: 10.1186/s13020-020-00325-x. eCollection 2020.
Chronic alcohol consumption disrupts psychomotor and cognitive functions, most of which are subserved by the dysfunction of hippocampus. Dysregulated excitatory glutamatergic transmission is implicated in repeated alcohol induced psychomotor and cognitive impairment. Ginsenoside Rg1, one of the main active ingredient of the traditional tonic medicine Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae), has been used to treat cognitive deficits. Particularly, Rg1 has been demonstrated to improve hippocampus-dependent learning in mice and attenuate glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in vitro. Thus, in the present research, we sought to investigate the therapeutic effects of Ginsenoside Rg1 on repeated alcohol induced psychomotor and cognitive deficits in hippocampal-dependent behavioral tasks and unravel the underpinnings of its neuroprotection.
Male ICR (CD-1) mice were consecutively intragastrically treated with 20% (w/v) alcohol for 21 days. Then, behavior tests were conducted to evaluate repeated alcohol induced psychomotor and cognitive deficits. Histopathological changes, and biochemical and molecular alterations were assessed to determine the potential neuroprotective mechanism of Rg1.
The results suggested that Rg1, at the optimal dose of 6 mg/kg, has the potential to ameliorate repeated alcohol induced cognitive deficits by regulating activities of NR2B containing NMDARs and excitotoxic signaling.
Our findings further provided a new strategy to treat chronic alcohol exposure induced adverse consequences.
长期饮酒会破坏精神运动和认知功能，其中大部分是由海马体功能障碍引起的。兴奋性谷氨酸能传递失调与反复饮酒所致的精神运动和认知障碍有关。人参皂苷Rg1是传统滋补药人参（五加科）的主要活性成分之一，已被用于治疗认知缺陷。特别是，Rg1已被证明可改善小鼠海马体依赖的学习能力，并在体外减轻谷氨酸诱导的兴奋性毒性。因此，在本研究中，我们试图研究人参皂苷Rg1对反复饮酒所致海马体依赖行为任务中的精神运动和认知缺陷的治疗作用，并揭示其神经保护作用的基础。
雄性ICR（CD-1）小鼠连续21天灌胃给予20%（w/v）酒精。然后，进行行为测试以评估反复饮酒所致的精神运动和认知缺陷。评估组织病理学变化以及生化和分子改变，以确定Rg1的潜在神经保护机制。
结果表明，最佳剂量为6mg/kg的Rg1有可能通过调节含NR2B的NMDARs的活性和兴奋性毒性信号来改善反复饮酒所致的认知缺陷。
我们的研究结果进一步提供了一种治疗慢性酒精暴露所致不良后果的新策略。
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