上呼吸道共生菌调节感染易感性。
Commensal bacteria in the upper respiratory tract regulate susceptibility to infection.
机构信息
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States.
出版信息
Curr Opin Immunol. 2020 Oct;66:42-49. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.03.010. Epub 2020 May 19.
Abstract
The human body is host to several distinct microbial communities. Disruption of these communities increases susceptibility to a wide range of diseases, including respiratory tract infections. While commensal bacteria in the gut contribute to this effect, recent studies point to a role for commensals occupying the upper respiratory tract through direct pathogen killing and by modifying nasal and lung immune homeostasis. Clinical trials exploring 'probiotic' respiratory tract commensals are an exciting development in this area. Upper respiratory tract microbiome sequencing has revealed that destabilization of this community precedes infection, indicating that microbiome profiling of individuals has predictive value. Further investigation of respiratory tract commensal-host interactions will be critical to translate bacterial-mediated protection toward new therapeutic approaches for respiratory tract disease.
摘要
人体是多个独特微生物群落的宿主。这些群落的紊乱会增加罹患多种疾病的风险，包括呼吸道感染。虽然肠道中的共生细菌对此有一定影响，但最近的研究表明，上呼吸道的共生菌通过直接杀死病原体和改变鼻腔和肺部免疫稳态，也起到了一定作用。探索“益生菌”呼吸道共生菌的临床试验是这一领域的一个令人兴奋的进展。上呼吸道微生物组测序表明，该群落的不稳定先于感染发生，这表明对个体微生物组进行分析具有预测价值。进一步研究呼吸道共生菌-宿主相互作用对于将细菌介导的保护转化为呼吸道疾病的新治疗方法至关重要。
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