School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India.
School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India; J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Aug 20;731:139074. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139074. Epub 2020 Apr 28.
The environment of a high altitude brackish water lake presents an unprecedented reservoir for the microbial community with adaptability towards surviving stressful conditions. Pangong lake is a high altitude brackish water lake of the Himalayas situated in the eastern part of Ladakh (Indian Tibet), at the height of 4250 m above the sea level. Shotgun metagenomics sequencing of Pangong Lake sediments was performed to examine the taxonomic diversity and functional adaptations of the resident psychrophilic and psychrotolerant microbial communities of the lake (September; a temperature of ±10 °C). Proteobacteria was the most prominent phylum, and Methylophaga, Halomonas, and Marinobacter were mainly abundant at the genus level. Enzyme pathways responsible for methane metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, sulfur reduction, benzoate, and xylene degradation appeared to be complete in the metagenomic dataset. Stress response genes responsible for adaption to pH, cold, salt tolerance, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress were also found in abundance in the metagenome. We compared the Pangong lake metagenome sample to sediments and water samples from three different aquatic habitats, namely saline lake, freshwater lakes and marine ecosystem using MG-RAST server against RefSeq and Subsystem databases. The Pangong lake microbial community contains six unique genera. Regression analysis using metagenome samples suggested that Pangong lake was most closely related to the Trophic South Pacific Ocean (R = 0.971) and Socompa lake ecosystem (R = 0.991) at phylum and functional level II, respectively. Our study signifies that the functional metabolic potentiality of Pangong lake is strongly influenced by the taxonomic structure and environmental conditions. We are reporting the metagenome of the sediment sample of the Pangong lake, which unveils the microbial diversity and their functional potential.
高原盐湖的环境为适应恶劣条件而生存的微生物群落提供了前所未有的储库。位于印度拉达克（藏区）东部的青藏高原上的班公湖是一个高海拔咸水湖，海拔高度为 4250 米。对班公湖沉积物进行鸟枪法宏基因组测序，以研究该湖驻留的嗜冷和耐冷微生物群落的分类多样性和功能适应性（9 月；温度为±10°C）。变形菌门是最突出的门，甲基杆菌属、盐单胞菌属和海洋杆菌属主要在属水平上丰富。甲烷代谢、氮代谢、硫还原、苯甲酸和二甲苯降解的酶途径似乎在宏基因组数据集中是完整的。在宏基因组中还发现了大量与适应 pH 值、寒冷、耐盐性、渗透压和氧化应激有关的应激反应基因。我们将班公湖宏基因组样本与来自三个不同水生栖息地（咸水湖、淡水湖和海洋生态系统）的沉积物和水样进行比较，使用 MG-RAST 服务器针对 RefSeq 和 Subsystem 数据库进行比较。班公湖微生物群落包含六个独特的属。使用宏基因组样本进行回归分析表明，班公湖在门和功能水平 II 上分别与南太平洋营养丰富的水域（R=0.971）和 Socompa 湖生态系统（R=0.991）最为密切相关。我们的研究表明，班公湖的功能代谢潜力受分类结构和环境条件的强烈影响。我们报告了班公湖沉积物样本的宏基因组，揭示了微生物多样性及其功能潜力。
