Li Peiyang, Chen Tingyu, An Miao, Zhang Ying, Li Yanying, Li Yang, Wang Jing
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Technology on Water Transport, National Engineering Research Center of Port Hydraulic Construction Technology, Ministry of Transport, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Tianjin 300456, China.
Life (Basel). 2022 Dec 11;12(12):2081. doi: 10.3390/life12122081.
Haihe River is the largest water system in North China and is injected into the Bohai Sea in Tianjin City. In this study, different types of human disturbance (urban sewage, industrial pollution, ship disturbance) were selected from the upper reaches of Haihe river Tianjin section down to the estuary that connected with Bohai Sea for evaluation. By metagenomic sequencing, the effects of different types of disturbances on bacteria communities in Haihe sediments were studied, with a special focus on the function of nitrogen-cycling bacteria that were further analyzed through KEGG comparison. By analyzing the physical and chemical characteristics of sediments, results showed that human disturbance caused a large amount of nitrogen input into Haihe River, and different types of human disturbance led to distinct spatial heterogeneity in different sections of Haihe River. The bacteria community was dominated by Proteobacteria, followed by Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. The relative abundance of each phylum varied at different sites as a response to different types of human disturbances. In nitrogen cycling, microorganisms including nitrogen fixation and removal were detected at each site, which indicated the active potential for nitrogen transformation in Haihe River. In addition, a large number of metabolic pathways relating to human diseases were also revealed in urban and pollution sites by function potential, which provided an important basis for the indicative role of urban river ecosystem for public health security. In summary, by evaluating both the ecological role and function potential of bacteria in Haihe River under different types of human disturbance, the knowledge of microorganisms for healthy and disturbed river ecosystems has been broadened, which is also informative for further river management and bioremediation.
海河是华北地区最大的水系，在天津市注入渤海。在本研究中，从海河天津段上游至与渤海相连的河口，选取了不同类型的人为干扰（城市污水、工业污染、船舶干扰）进行评估。通过宏基因组测序，研究了不同类型干扰对海河沉积物中细菌群落的影响，特别关注了氮循环细菌的功能，并通过KEGG比较进行了进一步分析。通过分析沉积物的理化特性，结果表明人为干扰导致大量氮输入海河，不同类型的人为干扰使海河不同河段呈现出明显的空间异质性。细菌群落以变形菌门为主，其次是绿弯菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门和酸杆菌门。各门类的相对丰度在不同位点有所变化，以响应不同类型的人为干扰。在氮循环方面，每个位点都检测到了包括固氮和脱氮在内的微生物，这表明海河具有活跃的氮转化潜力。此外，通过功能潜能分析，在城市和污染位点还揭示了大量与人类疾病相关的代谢途径，这为城市河流生态系统对公共卫生安全的指示作用提供了重要依据。总之，通过评估不同类型人为干扰下海河细菌的生态作用和功能潜能，拓宽了对健康和受干扰河流生态系统中微生物的认识，这也为进一步的河流管理和生物修复提供了参考。
