Rajbhandari Bibek, Gurung Minani, Poudel Lisasha, Shrestha Archana, Karmacharya Biraj Man
Nepal Police Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Nepal Institute of Development Studies,Kathmandu, Nepal.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2020 Apr 30;58(224):286-292. doi: 10.31729/jnma.4974.
Lockdown is essential for containing the spread of SARS-CoV-2. It is the best measure to maintain extreme social distancing which has been effective in controlling the infection and saving lives. But they are causing huge loss economically, disrupting social life and causing distress around the world. Reopening too quickly or too boldly without a goal-oriented strategy could mean a second wave of infection as fierce or even worse as the first. The fundamentals of the virus remain the same - one infected person will, without a lockdown pass it onto three others on average. The consequences of lifting the lockdown are unforeseeable and the stakes are high. Due to the different spectrum of severity with same strain of virus and uncertainty of post lockdown era, lifting the lockdown will be a trial and error approach. Nevertheless, at some point the lockdown has to be lifted. The strategic approach would be innumerable testing, investigations, strong contact tracing, isolation and follow-up. In a low-income country like Nepal, this will mean negotiating a tricky balance between terminating the spread of SARS-CoV-2, and allowing people to recover their livelihoods before they slip into extreme poverty and anguish.
封锁对于遏制新冠病毒的传播至关重要。这是保持极端社交距离的最佳措施，而极端社交距离在控制感染和拯救生命方面已行之有效。但封锁正造成巨大的经济损失，扰乱社会生活，并在全球范围内引发困扰。如果没有目标导向的策略就过快或过于贸然地重新开放，可能意味着会出现第二波与第一波同样凶猛甚至更糟的感染潮。病毒的基本情况依然未变——在没有封锁措施的情况下，一个感染者平均会将病毒传染给另外三个人。解除封锁的后果难以预料，且风险极大。由于同一毒株的严重程度范围不同，以及解封后时代的不确定性，解除封锁将是一种反复试验的方法。然而，在某个时刻必须解除封锁。战略方法将是进行大量检测、调查、强有力的接触者追踪、隔离及后续跟进。在尼泊尔这样的低收入国家，这意味着要在终止新冠病毒传播与让人们在陷入极端贫困和痛苦之前恢复生计之间艰难地寻求平衡。
