Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy.
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University and Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy.
Infection. 2020 Oct;48(5):695-713. doi: 10.1007/s15010-020-01443-2. Epub 2020 May 16.
To analyze epidemiology and burden of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in Italy.
We used Hospital Discharge Records and number of residents in Italy to calculate number and rate of hospitalization for Chagas disease, dengue, filariasis, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, Taenia solium taeniasis, and cysticercosis by sex, citizenship group, and region in the period 2011-2016.
7195 hospitalizations for NTDs were retrieved, accounting for 7375 diagnoses, 60% in Italians and 40% in foreigners. Male-to-female ratio was 2; the age group more commonly affected was 25-44 years (32.5%). The most common diagnoses were leishmaniasis (34%), schistosomiasis (29%), strongyloidiasis (12%), Chagas disease (8%), and dengue (8%). Average yearly hospitalization rate per 100,000 residents for all NTDs was 2.05, 1.33, and 10.39 in general population, Italians, and foreign citizens, respectively. Hospitalization rates higher than 100 per 100,000 subjects were found in citizens from Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Bolivia.
NTDs have a not negligible burden in Italy. The most clinically relevant NTDs in Italy are leishmaniasis and schistosomiasis, followed by strongyloidiasis, Chagas disease, and dengue. Cystic echinococcosis, that was not included in the analysis since a similar study on this disease was recently published, should also be listed among the leading NTD in Italy. While schistosomiasis has its highest burden on population coming from highly endemic areas such as SSA, leishmaniasis is especially relevant in Italian-born residents of southern regions. Education at university and post-graduate levels, to increase the awareness of healthcare professionals on these topics, as well as targeted public health interventions (such as screening or presumptive treatment in high-risk groups), are an asset to improve clinical management and control of these diseases.
分析意大利被忽视热带病（NTDs）的流行病学和负担。
我们使用医院出院记录和意大利居民人数，计算了 2011 年至 2016 年期间按性别、公民身份群体和地区划分的 7 种 NTD（恰加斯病、登革热、丝虫病、利什曼病、血吸虫病、类圆线虫病、猪带绦虫带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病）的住院人数和住院率。
共检索到 7195 例 NTD 住院病例，涉及 7375 例诊断，其中 60%为意大利人，40%为外国人。男女性别比为 2:1；受影响最常见的年龄组为 25-44 岁（32.5%）。最常见的诊断是利什曼病（34%）、血吸虫病（29%）、类圆线虫病（12%）、恰加斯病（8%）和登革热（8%）。普通人群、意大利人和外国公民的所有 NTD 年平均住院率分别为每 10 万人 2.05、1.33 和 10.39。来自撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）和玻利维亚的公民的住院率高于每 10 万人 100 例。
NTDs 在意大利有不容忽视的负担。意大利最具临床意义的 NTDs 是利什曼病和血吸虫病，其次是类圆线虫病、恰加斯病和登革热。囊尾蚴病不在分析之列，因为最近发表了一篇关于该病的类似研究，也应被列为意大利的主要 NTD 之一。虽然血吸虫病在来自 SSA 等高流行地区的人群中负担最重，但利什曼病在意大利南部地区出生的居民中尤为重要。在大学和研究生阶段开展教育，提高医疗保健专业人员对这些问题的认识，以及开展有针对性的公共卫生干预措施（如在高危人群中进行筛查或推定治疗），将有助于改善这些疾病的临床管理和控制。
