恰加斯病和利什曼病，委内瑞拉农村社区中同时存在的人兽共患病。

Chagas Disease and Leishmaniasis, Sympatric Zoonoses Present in Human from Rural Communities of Venezuela.

机构信息

Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Dr. Francisco J. Triana Alonso" (BIOMED), Universidad de Carabobo Sede Aragua, calle Cecilio Acosta, Urb. La Rinconada, Las Delicias, Maracay, estado Aragua, Venezuela.

Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo Sede Aragua, Maracay, estado Aragua, Venezuela.

出版信息

Acta Parasitol. 2024 Mar;69(1):616-627. doi: 10.1007/s11686-023-00786-8. Epub 2024 Jan 31.

DOI:10.1007/s11686-023-00786-8

PMID:38294711

Abstract

PURPOSE

Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. coexist in several endemic areas, and there are few studies of Chagas disease and leishmaniasis coinfection worldwide; for this reason, the objective of this work was to determine the Chagas disease and leishmaniasis coinfection in several rural communities co-endemic for these diseases.

METHODS

A total of 1107 human samples from six co-endemic rural communities of Cojedes state, Venezuela, were analyzed. Serum samples were evaluated by ELISA, indirect hemagglutination, and indirect immunofluorescence for Chagas disease diagnosis, and individuals were evaluated for leishmaniasis by leishmanin skin test (LST). Approximately, 30% of the individuals were also analyzed by PCR (blood clot samples) for T. cruzi and for Leishmania spp.

RESULTS

The 14.7% of the individuals were positive to Trypanosoma cruzi infection by serology, and 25.8% were positive to Leishmania spp. current or past infection by LST. Among the group with PCR results, 7.8% were positive for T. cruzi, and 9.4% for Leishmania spp. The coinfection T. cruzi/Leishmania spp. was 6.5%. The T. cruzi DTUs of the positive blood clot samples were TcI, revealed using the molecular markers: (i) intergenic region of the miniexon, (ii) D7 divergent domain of the 24Sα rDNA, (iii) size-variable domain of the 18S rDNA, and (iv) hsp60-PCR-RFLP (EcoRV). The Leishmania species identified were L. (Leishmania) mexicana and L. (Viannia) braziliensis.

CONCLUSION

A high prevalence was found for T. cruzi and Leishmania spp. single and coinfections in almost all communities studied, being these results of relevance for the implementation of control programs in co-endemic areas.

摘要

目的

克氏锥虫和利什曼原虫共同存在于几个流行地区，全球关于恰加斯病和利什曼病合并感染的研究较少；因此，本工作的目的是在这些疾病的几个地方性流行农村社区中确定恰加斯病和利什曼病的合并感染。

方法

对来自委内瑞拉科耶德斯州六个地方性流行农村社区的 1107 个人类样本进行分析。血清样本通过 ELISA、间接血凝和间接免疫荧光试验进行恰加斯病诊断，通过利什曼菌素皮肤试验（LST）对个体进行利什曼病评估。大约 30%的个体还通过 PCR（血凝块样本）进行 T. cruzi 和利什曼原虫 spp. 的分析。

结果

14.7%的个体通过血清学检测呈克氏锥虫感染阳性，25.8%的个体通过 LST 检测呈利什曼原虫 spp. 当前或过去感染阳性。在具有 PCR 结果的组中，7.8%的个体 T. cruzi 阳性，9.4%的个体利什曼原虫 spp. 阳性。T. cruzi/Leishmania spp. 合并感染率为 6.5%。阳性血凝块样本的 T. cruzi DTUs 为 TcI，使用分子标记物揭示：（i）miniexon 基因间区，（ii）24Sα rDNA 的 D7 发散区，（iii）18S rDNA 的大小可变区，和（iv）hsp60-PCR-RFLP（EcoRV）。鉴定的利什曼原虫物种为 L.（Leishmania）mexicana 和 L.（Viannia）braziliensis。