Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Epidemiol Infect. 2020 May 18;148:e187. doi: 10.1017/S0950268820001077.
Surveillance of new cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in Italy was started in 2007 by the Ministry of Health (MoH). In 2012, pneumococcal childhood vaccination was introduced at the national level and, in 2017, for citizens aged 65 years and over. We describe here IPD epidemiology in Italy over the past 10 years investigating the impact of the vaccine programme on disease burden. Reports of IPD cases, data on serotype and vaccination coverage (VC) data were obtained from MoH annual reports, for the period 2007-2017. IPD notification rate and proportion by year, region, age and serotype were calculated. In 2007, 525 cases were reported (rate 0.88/100 000), rising to 1703 cases (rate 2.82/100 000) in 2017. The distribution of IPD cases by age group over time registered the largest share among individuals aged 65 years and over. A decreasing trend in notification rate was observed among those aged 0-4 years. During the same period, the 24-month VC increased, ranging from 80.9% to 96.7% in 2017. Molecular data indicated re-emergence of PPSV23-specific serotypes and non-vaccine serotypes. We observed an increase in IPD notifications during 2007-2017, likely due to an improved surveillance system, at least in some regions, with the relative quota of IPD notifications decreasing among vaccinated children cohorts. Further strengthening of IPD surveillance system, including molecular and vaccine coverage data, would be needed to assess and inform pneumococcal vaccination strategies in Italy.
意大利于 2007 年由卫生部（MoH）启动了侵袭性肺炎球菌病（IPD）新发病例的监测。2012 年，在全国范围内开展了儿童肺炎球菌疫苗接种，2017 年又为 65 岁及以上的公民开展了这项接种。在此，我们描述了过去 10 年来意大利 IPD 的流行病学情况，以研究疫苗接种计划对疾病负担的影响。我们从 MoH 年度报告中获得了 IPD 病例报告、血清型数据和疫苗接种覆盖率（VC）数据，报告期为 2007-2017 年。我们计算了每年、地区、年龄和血清型的 IPD 报告率和比例。2007 年报告了 525 例病例（发病率为 0.88/100000），到 2017 年上升到 1703 例（发病率为 2.82/100000）。随着时间的推移，按年龄组分布的 IPD 病例比例中，65 岁及以上的人群占比最大。0-4 岁年龄组的报告率呈下降趋势。同期，24 个月 VC 增加，2017 年达到 80.9%-96.7%。分子数据表明，PPSV23 特异性血清型和非疫苗血清型再次出现。我们观察到 2007-2017 年 IPD 报告数增加，这可能是由于监测系统得到了改善，至少在某些地区如此，接种儿童队列中 IPD 报告的相对比例有所下降。需要进一步加强 IPD 监测系统，包括分子和疫苗覆盖率数据，以评估和为意大利的肺炎球菌疫苗接种策略提供信息。
