López-Arriaga Florida, Gordillo Victor Hugo, Cancino Jorge, Montoya Pablo
Programa Moscafrut, SADER-SENASICA, Camino a los Cacaoatales S/N, CP 30860, Metapa de Domínguez, Chiapas, México.
Instituto de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Boulevard Akichino S/N, CP 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, México.
Bull Entomol Res. 2020 Oct;110(5):630-637. doi: 10.1017/S0007485320000176. Epub 2020 May 18.
Doryctobracon areolatus is a native parasitoid of the Neotropical region that presents the highest percentages of natural parasitism of fruit flies of the genus Anastrepha. In the Moscafrut Program SADER-SENASICA, located in Metapa de Domínguez, Chiapas, Mexico, a laboratory colony of this species is maintained on Anastrepha ludens, the Mexican fruit fly, with the aim to scale the production of the parasitoid up to massive levels. In order to eliminate unwanted emergence of adult flies during the rearing process, this study evaluated the effect of irradiation (at doses of 20, 30, 40, and 50 Gy) applied to eggs, and first and second instar larvae of A. ludens; all irradiated stages were subsequently exposed as second instar larvae to adult females of D. areolatus. Irradiation did not affect the eclosion of A. ludens eggs but, at doses of 40 and 50 Gy, it did cause delayed larval development and pupation, as well as lower larval weight. Adult fly emergence was suppressed at all doses, except in eggs irradiated at 20 Gy. Doses of 20 and 30 Gy applied to the eggs and larvae did not affect the emergence, survival, fecundity or flight ability of the emerged parasitoids, but the second instar larvae were easily handled during the rearing process. Our results suggest that D. areolatus can be successfully produced in second instar larvae of A. ludens irradiated at 30 Gy.
黄腹潜蝇茧蜂是新热带地区的一种本地寄生蜂，对按实蝇属果蝇的自然寄生率最高。在位于墨西哥恰帕斯州多米格斯市梅塔帕的Moscafrut计划（SADER - SENASICA）中，该物种的一个实验室种群以墨西哥果蝇（Anastrepha ludens）为寄主进行饲养，目的是将寄生蜂的产量扩大到大规模水平。为了消除饲养过程中成年果蝇的意外羽化，本研究评估了对A. ludens的卵、一龄和二龄幼虫进行辐照（剂量分别为20、30、40和50戈瑞）的效果；所有经辐照的阶段随后作为二龄幼虫暴露于黄腹潜蝇茧蜂的成年雌蜂。辐照不影响A. ludens卵孵化，但在40和50戈瑞剂量下，确实导致幼虫发育和化蛹延迟，以及幼虫体重降低。除20戈瑞辐照的卵外，所有剂量均抑制了成年果蝇的羽化。对卵和幼虫施用20和30戈瑞剂量不影响羽化出的寄生蜂的羽化、存活、繁殖力或飞行能力，但二龄幼虫在饲养过程中易于处理。我们的结果表明，在30戈瑞辐照的A. ludens二龄幼虫中可以成功培育黄腹潜蝇茧蜂。
