Ayinde A A, Morakinyo O M, Sridhar M K C
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Heliyon. 2020 May 8;6(5):e03920. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03920. eCollection 2020 May.
Despite the recent decline in the global prevalence of malaria, the disease continues to be one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among pregnant women and under-five children in Nigeria. The adoption of an integrated approach to malaria control including the use of bio-insecticide will further reduce the burden of malaria. This study determined the repellency and bio-insecticidal effects of oil on in Ibadan, Nigeria. The study was experimental in design. Oil was extracted from the ground seed kernel of plants using N-hexane as a solvent. Larvicidal tests were carried out on 600 third and fourth instar stages of using an aliquot of extracted oil emulsified with a surfactant (Tween 80) at concentrations ranging from 100 to 500 ppm. Mortality was recorded every 24 h for five days. Repellency tests were carried out by exposing Guinea pigs that were previously treated with the oil mixed with paraffin at 10-40%v/v concentrations, to 70 adult female in netted cages. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA. The oil yield accounted for 40.0% weight of the ground seed kernel. The larvicidal effect was significant across the concentration of the emulsified oil ranging from 91.6-100.0%, compared to the control experiment ranging from 5-15% (LC50 and LC90: -1666.86 ppm and -2880.94 ppm respectively). A 100.0% larval mortality of was recorded within three days at 500 ppm. All the concentrations of the oil solution also caused 100% inhibition of pupae formation. The repellent effect of adult was significant (p < 0.05) across the concentrations but with varying degrees of protection. The highest repellent effect was observed at 40.0% (v/v). The possibility of using as bio-insecticide against was established in this study
尽管近期全球疟疾流行率有所下降，但在尼日利亚，该疾病仍是孕妇和五岁以下儿童发病和死亡的主要原因之一。采用包括使用生物杀虫剂在内的综合疟疾控制方法将进一步减轻疟疾负担。本研究确定了[植物名称]油在尼日利亚伊巴丹对[蚊虫名称]的驱避和生物杀虫效果。该研究为实验性设计。使用正己烷作为溶剂从[植物名称]的磨碎种子仁中提取油。对600只处于第三和第四龄期的[蚊虫名称]进行杀幼虫试验，使用与表面活性剂（吐温80）乳化的提取油等分试样，浓度范围为100至500 ppm。连续五天每24小时记录死亡率。通过将先前用浓度为10 - 40%（v/v）的油与石蜡混合处理过的豚鼠置于网笼中，暴露于70只成年雌性[蚊虫名称]进行驱避试验。使用描述性统计和方差分析对数据进行分析。出油率占磨碎种子仁重量的40.0%。与对照实验（5 - 15%）相比，乳化[植物名称]油浓度范围内的杀幼虫效果显著，范围为91.6 - 100.0%（LC50和LC90分别为 - 1666.86 ppm和 - 2880.94 ppm）。在500 ppm时，三天内记录到[蚊虫名称]幼虫死亡率为100.0%。油溶液的所有浓度也导致蛹形成受到100%抑制。成年[蚊虫名称]的驱避效果在各浓度下均显著（p < 0.05），但保护程度不同。在40.0%（v/v）时观察到最高驱避效果。本研究确定了使用[植物名称]作为针对[蚊虫名称]的生物杀虫剂的可能性
