School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Feb;72(1):123-133. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1767041. Epub 2020 May 18.
Smoothies are a popular breakfast option. However, liquids may evoke weaker satiation than nutritionally comparable semi-solid and solid foods. This study examined consumption of cereal and milk (CM) or a nutritionally comparable fruit smoothie (FS) for breakfast on subsequent dietary behaviours, in a controlled laboratory setting. Twenty-five participants (age 25 ± 6 y) completed three trials, receiving either CM or FS for breakfast. Afterwards, participants remained isolated for 4 h with access to foods/beverages. A repeat trial (CM or FS) allowed exploration of normal variability. Post-breakfast energy intake (EI) (CM = 1465(2436) vs. FS = 1787(3190) kJ, Median (IQR), = 0.099), time to intake of next food/fluid (meal latency) (CM = 146(97) vs. FS = 180(100) min, = 0.127), and subjective hunger, desire to eat, fullness and thirst ratings were similar between conditions ( > 0.05). The mean coefficient of variation for EI and meal latency were 41% and 21%, respectively. Consumption of a FS does not negatively impact acute EI and meal latency.
思慕雪是一种受欢迎的早餐选择。然而，液体可能比营养相当的半固体和固体食物引起的饱腹感更弱。本研究在控制的实验室环境中，考察了早餐食用谷物和牛奶（CM）或营养相当的水果思慕雪（FS）对随后饮食行为的影响。25 名参与者（年龄 25±6 岁）完成了三项试验，早餐分别接受 CM 或 FS。之后，参与者在 4 小时内被隔离，并可随意选择食物/饮料。重复试验（CM 或 FS）允许探索正常的变异性。早餐后的能量摄入（EI）（CM = 1465（2436）vs. FS = 1787（3190）kJ，中位数（IQR）， = 0.099）、摄入下一种食物/饮料的时间（餐间潜伏期）（CM = 146（97）vs. FS = 180（100）min， = 0.127）以及主观饥饿感、食欲、饱腹感和口渴感评分在两种条件下相似（ > 0.05）。EI 和餐间潜伏期的平均变异系数分别为 41%和 21%。食用 FS 不会对急性 EI 和餐间潜伏期产生负面影响。
