a School of Allied Health Sciences , Griffith University , Southport , Australia.
b School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences , Central Queensland University , Rockhampton , Australia.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2019 Aug;70(5):612-622. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1547690. Epub 2019 Jan 2.
Smoothies are popular breakfast foods. This study examined the effect of consuming Cereal & Milk (CM) or a nutritionally-comparable Fruit Smoothie (FS) for breakfast on daily energy intake (EI) in free-living adults and the extent to which individuals compensated for calories ingested in a High Energy Fruit Smoothie (HE). Ten participants (28.4 ± 2.2y; 23.3 ± 1.0 kg·m , Mean ± SEM) attended the laboratory on 3 consecutive days per week for 3 weeks. Each week, they received a CM, FS or HE breakfast, then recorded all food/beverages consumed across the remainder of the day. The CM and FS were energy-matched to participants' usual breakfast (1675 ± 283 kJ), while the HE contained an additional 100 kJ·kg of maltodextrin (3019 ± 335 kJ). Mean 3-day EI was similar on CM and FS (7894 ± 547 vs. 7570 ± 463 kJ, > .05), but elevated on HE (8861 ± 726 kJ, = .012). Thus, individuals who substitute CM for a FS breakfast should be mindful that energy-dense beverages may result in increased daily EI.
思慕雪是一种受欢迎的早餐食品。本研究旨在探究早餐食用谷物和牛奶（CM）或营养相当的水果思慕雪（FS）对自由生活成年人每日能量摄入（EI）的影响，以及个体对高能量水果思慕雪（HE）中摄入的卡路里进行补偿的程度。10 名参与者（28.4±2.2 岁；23.3±1.0kg·m，平均值±SEM）每周连续三天到实验室报到，为期 3 周。每周，他们会接受 CM、FS 或 HE 早餐，然后记录当天剩余时间内摄入的所有食物/饮料。CM 和 FS 与参与者的常规早餐（1675±283kJ）能量匹配，而 HE 中额外添加了 100kJ·kg的麦芽糊精（3019±335kJ）。CM 和 FS 的 3 天平均 EI 相似（7894±547 与 7570±463kJ， > .05），但 HE 的 EI 升高（8861±726kJ， = .012）。因此，用 FS 早餐替代 CM 的个体应该注意到，能量密集型饮料可能会导致每日 EI 增加。
