Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
Nutrients. 2023 Oct 16;15(20):4389. doi: 10.3390/nu15204389.
Previously, it has been indicated that oat polar lipids included in a liquid meal may have the potential to beneficially modulate various cardiometabolic variables. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of oat polar lipids in a solid food matrix on acute and second meal glucose tolerance, blood lipids, and concentrations of gut-derived hormones. The oat polar lipids were consumed at breakfast and effects on the biomarkers were investigated in the postprandial period and following a standardized lunch. Twenty young, healthy subjects consumed in total four different breakfast meals in a crossover study design. The breakfasts consisted of 1. White wheat bread (WWB) with an added 7.5 g of oat polar lipids (PLL); 2. WWB with an added 15 g of oat polar lipids (PLH); 3. WWB with and added 16.6 g of rapeseed oil (RSO) as a representative of commonly consumed oils; and 4. WWB consumed alone, included as a reference. All products with added lipids contained equivalent amounts of fat (16.6 g) and available carbohydrates (50 g). Rapeseed oil was added to the oat polar lipid meals to equal 16.6 g of total fat. The standardized lunch was composed of WWB and meatballs and was served 3.5 h after the breakfast. Test variables (blood glucose, serum insulin, triglyceride (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), ghrelin, GLP-1, PYY, and GIP) were measured at fasting and repeatedly during the 5.5 h after ingestion of the breakfast. After breakfast, PLH substantially lowered postprandial glucose and insulin responses (iAUC 0-120 min) compared with RSO and WWB ( < 0.05). Furthermore, a reduced glycaemic response to lunch (210-330 min) was observed following the PLH breakfast compared to all of the other breakfasts served ( < 0.05). Oat polar lipids (PLH) significantly reduced TG and ghrelin and increased circulating gut hormones GLP-1 and PYY compared to RSO ( < 0.05). The results show that exchanging part of the dietary lipids with oat polar lipids has the potential to improve postprandial blood glucose regulation and gut hormones and thus may have a preventive effect against type 2 diabetes.
先前有研究表明,液体膳食中的燕麦极性脂质可能具有有益调节各种心血管代谢变量的潜力。本研究旨在评估固体食物基质中的燕麦极性脂质对急性和第二餐葡萄糖耐量、血脂和肠道来源激素浓度的影响。在早餐时摄入燕麦极性脂质,并在餐后和标准化午餐后研究对生物标志物的影响。在一项交叉研究设计中,20 名年轻健康受试者总共摄入了四种不同的早餐。早餐包括 1. 白小麦面包(WWB),添加 7.5 克燕麦极性脂质(PLL);2. WWB 添加 15 克燕麦极性脂质(PLH);3. WWB 添加 16.6 克菜籽油(RSO),代表常用油;4. WWB 单独食用,作为参考。所有添加脂质的产品均含有等量的脂肪(16.6 克)和可利用碳水化合物(50 克)。菜籽油被添加到燕麦极性脂质餐中,以达到 16.6 克总脂肪。标准化午餐由 WWB 和肉丸组成,在早餐后 3.5 小时供应。测试变量(血糖、血清胰岛素、甘油三酯(TG)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、胃饥饿素、GLP-1、PYY 和 GIP)在空腹和早餐摄入后 5.5 小时内重复测量。早餐后,PLH 与 RSO 和 WWB 相比,显著降低餐后血糖和胰岛素反应(iAUC 0-120min)(<0.05)。此外,与所有其他早餐相比,PLH 早餐后午餐时的血糖反应降低(210-330min)(<0.05)。与 RSO 相比,燕麦极性脂质(PLH)显著降低 TG 和胃饥饿素,增加循环肠道激素 GLP-1 和 PYY(<0.05)。结果表明,用燕麦极性脂质替代部分膳食脂质有可能改善餐后血糖调节和肠道激素,从而可能对 2 型糖尿病具有预防作用。