Specialization course in Biotechnology and Bioprocesses, Graduate Program in Environmental Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021;61(10):1689-1703. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1764489. Epub 2020 May 19.
Several studies describe the immobilization of microbial lipases aiming to evaluate the mechanical/thermal stability of the support/enzyme system, the appropriate method for immobilization, acid and alkaline stability, tolerance to organic solvents and specificity of fatty acids. However, literature reviews focus on application of enzyme/support system in food technology remains scarce. This current systematic literature review aimed to identify, evaluate and interpret available and relevant researches addressing the type of support and immobilization techniques employed over lipases, in order to obtain products for food industry. Fourteen selected articles were used to structure the systematic review, in which the discussion was based on six main groups: (i) synthesis/enrichment of polyunsaturated fatty acids; (ii) synthesis of structured lipids; (iii) flavors and food coloring; (iv) additives, antioxidants and antimicrobials; (v) synthesis of phytosterol esters and (vi) synthesis of sugar esters. In general, the studies discussed the synthesis of the enzyme/support system and the characteristics: surface area, mass transfer resistance, activity, stability (pH and temperature), and recyclability. Each immobilization technique is applicable for a specific production, depending mainly on the sensitivity and cost of the process.
几项研究描述了微生物脂肪酶的固定化，旨在评估支持物/酶系统的机械/热稳定性、合适的固定化方法、酸碱稳定性、有机溶剂耐受性和脂肪酸特异性。然而，文献综述主要集中在酶/支持物系统在食品技术中的应用仍然很少。本系统文献综述旨在确定、评估和解释现有的相关研究，这些研究涉及脂肪酶的支持物类型和固定化技术，以获得用于食品工业的产品。从 14 篇选定的文章中提取了信息，构建了系统综述，讨论主要基于六个方面：（i）多不饱和脂肪酸的合成/富集；（ii）结构脂的合成；（iii）风味和食用色素；（iv）添加剂、抗氧化剂和抗菌剂；（v）植物甾醇酯的合成；（vi）糖酯的合成。总的来说，这些研究讨论了酶/支持物系统的合成和特性：比表面积、传质阻力、活性、稳定性（pH 和温度）和可回收性。每种固定化技术都适用于特定的生产，主要取决于过程的灵敏度和成本。
