Clinical Nursing Department, School of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Clinical Nursing Department, School of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Pain Manag Nurs. 2020 Dec;21(6):601-607. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2020.04.002. Epub 2020 May 15.
Pain and anxiety have negative effects on the treatment of patients with cancer. Virtual reality technology is a form of distraction which is still unclear in its methodological quality in reducing pain and anxiety.
To summarize and evaluate the methodological quality of primary studies on the virtual reality (VR) technology for the management of pain and anxiety among patients with cancer, and to analyze the effectiveness of VR in the reviewed studies.
This review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Multiple databases from their inception through November 2018.
A comprehensive search was performed to identify studies that evaluated the effectiveness of VR in managing pain and anxiety among patients with cancer. The methodological quality of included studies was appraised using the modified Downs and Black checklist.
Thirteen studies published between 1999 and 2018 were eligible for inclusion. These included studies were classified as being of good or fair quality. The consensus across the included studies was that compared with standard care, VR plus standard care were more effective in reducing pain and anxiety especially in children and adolescent patients who were undergoing painful procedures, and in adult and elderly patients who were undergoing anti-cancer treatments and during their hospitalization.
Although more high- methodological quality studies are needed to determine whether VR technology is effective in controlling symptoms in patients with cancer, the results of this review suggested that VR intervention may be beneficial for the management of pain and anxiety in patients with cancer. Therefore, clinicians may consider VR technology as an adjunctive intervention for pain and anxiety management.
疼痛和焦虑会对癌症患者的治疗产生负面影响。虚拟现实技术是一种分散注意力的形式，其在减轻疼痛和焦虑方面的方法学质量尚不清楚。
总结和评估虚拟现实（VR）技术在管理癌症患者疼痛和焦虑方面的原始研究的方法学质量，并分析 VR 在已审查研究中的有效性。
本综述按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行报告。
从多个数据库的创建到 2018 年 11 月进行综合搜索，以确定评估 VR 在管理癌症患者疼痛和焦虑方面的有效性的研究。使用修改后的 Downs 和 Black 清单评估纳入研究的方法学质量。
1999 年至 2018 年期间发表的 13 项研究符合纳入标准。这些纳入的研究被归类为质量较好或较好。纳入的研究一致认为，与标准护理相比，VR 加标准护理在减轻疼痛和焦虑方面更有效，尤其是在接受有创治疗的儿童和青少年患者，以及接受癌症治疗和住院期间的成年和老年患者。
尽管需要更多具有较高方法学质量的研究来确定 VR 技术是否能有效控制癌症患者的症状，但本综述的结果表明，VR 干预可能有益于癌症患者的疼痛和焦虑管理。因此，临床医生可以考虑将 VR 技术作为疼痛和焦虑管理的辅助干预措施。
