Putra I Gusti Ngurah Edi, Astell-Burt Thomas, Cliff Dylan P, Vella Stewart A, John Eme Eseme, Feng Xiaoqi
Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2020 Apr 30;11:859. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00859. eCollection 2020.
The plausible role of nearby green space in influencing prosocial behaviour among children and adolescents has been studied recently. However, no review has been conducted of the evidence testing the association between green space and prosocial behaviour. This systematic review addresses this gap among children and adolescents. Within this review, we propose a conceptual framework describing potential pathways linking green space to prosocial behaviour, discuss the direction, magnitude, moderators, and mediators of the association, and develop a narrative synthesis of future study directions. Out of 63 extracted associations from 15 studies, 44 were in the positive or expected direction, of which 18 were reported to be statistically significant ( < 0.05). Overall, the current evidence shows that exposure to green space may potentially increase prosocial behaviour among children and adolescents, with some contingencies (e.g., child's sex and ethnic background). However, the volume and quality of this evidence is not yet sufficient to draw conclusions on causality. Further, heterogeneity in the indicators of green space exposure could lead to mixed findings. In addition, none of the included studies investigated potential mediators. Nevertheless, this review provides preliminary evidence and a basis for further investigation with rigorous study methodology capable of drawing causal inferences and testing potential effect modifiers, linking pathways, and relevant green space measures.
近期，人们对附近绿地在影响儿童和青少年亲社会行为方面可能发挥的作用进行了研究。然而，尚未有人对检验绿地与亲社会行为之间关联的证据进行综述。本系统综述填补了儿童和青少年领域的这一空白。在本综述中，我们提出了一个概念框架，描述了连接绿地与亲社会行为的潜在途径，讨论了该关联的方向、强度、调节因素和中介因素，并对未来的研究方向进行了叙述性综合分析。在从15项研究中提取的63个关联中，44个呈正向或预期方向，其中18个据报道具有统计学意义（<0.05）。总体而言，目前的证据表明，接触绿地可能会增加儿童和青少年的亲社会行为，但存在一些偶然因素（如儿童的性别和种族背景）。然而，这些证据的数量和质量尚不足以就因果关系得出结论。此外，绿地接触指标的异质性可能导致结果不一。此外，纳入的研究均未调查潜在的中介因素。尽管如此，本综述提供了初步证据，并为采用能够进行因果推断、检验潜在效应修饰因素、连接途径和相关绿地测量方法的严格研究方法进行进一步调查奠定了基础。
