Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics and Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.
Research Centre for Indian Ocean Ecosystem, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Sep;264:114791. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114791. Epub 2020 May 11.
Anthropogenic pollution has become a major issue governing ecosystem and human health risks. The Hangzhou Bay and Qiantang Estuary region are facing unusual perturbation due to rapid development along the embayment in recent decades. This study evaluated the organic and inorganic pollutants in water, sediment, and from the muscles of higher trophic organisms (fish, crustacean, shellfish) during four different seasons (in 2018-2019) along the Qiantang Estuary and Hangzhou Bay region to assess the ecosystem health and potential hazard status. Dissolved inorganic phosphate and nitrogen were the major pollutants in this area, which led to severe eutrophication throughout the study period. Eutrophication signals coincided well with the phytoplankton abundance, which revels the control of nutrient enrichment on the spatio-temporal distribution of phytoplankton. Food availability, along with salinity and temperature, drives the zooplankton population distribution. Heavy metals were not the issue of water quality as their concentrations meet the national and international baseline standards. However, in the sediments, Copper (Cu) and Arsenic (As) concentrations were higher than the baseline value. Towards the northwestern part of the Qiantang Estuary, the overall potential risk index of sediment with higher Cadmium (Cd) and Mercury (Hg) depicted delicate condition with moderate risk for the sediment contamination. The As concentration in fishes was close to the baseline standards limit irrespective of low As values within water and sediments. The higher concentrations of Zinc (Zn) and As in shellfish muscles, whereas other metals were within the limit of baseline standard in all the organisms. However, the hazard analysis (Targeted hazard quotient, THQ) values for the seafood consumption to human health indicates the potentially threatening consequences of shellfish and crustacean consumption on human health.
人为污染已成为影响生态系统和人类健康风险的主要问题。由于近几十年来海湾沿岸的快速发展，杭州湾和钱塘江河口地区正面临着异常的扰动。本研究评估了水、沉积物中和食物链上层生物（鱼类、甲壳类、贝类）肌肉中的有机和无机污染物，在 2018 年至 2019 年四个不同季节沿钱塘江河口和杭州湾地区进行，以评估生态系统健康和潜在危害状况。溶解无机磷酸盐和氮是该地区的主要污染物，导致整个研究期间发生严重富营养化。富营养化信号与浮游植物丰度吻合良好，这表明营养盐富集对浮游植物时空分布的控制作用。食物的可利用性，以及盐度和温度，驱动着浮游动物种群的分布。重金属不是水质问题，因为它们的浓度符合国家和国际基准标准。然而，在沉积物中，铜（Cu）和砷（As）的浓度高于基准值。在钱塘江河口的西北部，沉积物中较高的镉（Cd）和汞（Hg）的总体潜在风险指数表明，沉积物污染处于脆弱状态，具有中度风险。鱼类中的砷浓度接近基准标准限值，而水和沉积物中的砷值较低。贝类肌肉中的锌（Zn）和砷（As）浓度较高，而其他金属在所有生物体中的浓度均在基线标准限值内。然而，海鲜消费对人类健康的危害分析（目标危害商数，THQ）值表明，贝类和甲壳类消费对人类健康可能存在潜在威胁。
