CRETUS Institute. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad De La Costa, Calle 58 #55-56, 080002, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Sep;264:114794. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114794. Epub 2020 May 12.
Composting is a solid waste management alternative that avoids the emission of methane associated with its disposal in landfill and reduces or eliminates the need for chemical fertilisers if compost is applied. The main objective of this study was to analyse the environmental burdens of composting as a way to achieve a more circular valorisation of wine waste. To do so, with the purpose of identifying optimal operational conditions and determining the "hotspots" of the process, the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was used. The consumption of diesel fuel in machinery was determined to be the main critical point in the environmental effects of the system, followed by the transport and distribution of the compost. After the application of compost instead of mineral fertilisers, corn, tomato and strawberry crops would have a better environmental performance in most impact categories. In this sense, a maximum improvement of 65% in terrestrial ecotoxicity is achieved in strawberry cultivation. In light of the results obtained, it is demonstrated that composting is a suitable way of organic waste valorisation according to Circular Economy principles.
堆肥是一种固体废物管理的替代方法，可以避免将其在垃圾填埋场处置时产生的甲烷排放，并减少或消除对化学肥料的需求，如果使用堆肥的话。本研究的主要目的是分析堆肥作为实现葡萄酒废物更循环利用的方法所带来的环境负担。为此，为了确定最佳操作条件并确定该过程的“热点”，使用了生命周期评估（LCA）方法。在系统的环境影响中，机械柴油燃料的消耗被确定为主要的关键点，其次是堆肥的运输和分配。在使用堆肥代替矿物肥料后，玉米、番茄和草莓作物在大多数影响类别中都将具有更好的环境性能。在这种情况下，草莓种植的陆地生态毒性最大可提高 65%。根据所获得的结果，证明堆肥是根据循环经济原则对有机废物进行增值的一种合适方法。
