Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6 Str., 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 May 15;21(10):3510. doi: 10.3390/ijms21103510.
Allatostatins (ASTs) are pleiotropic insect neuropeptides that are potent myoinhibitors of muscle contractions. In this study, we identified and immunolocalized peptides from the MIP/AST and PISCF/AST families in the nervous system of a model beetle, . Neurons containing MIPs were immunolocalized in the brains of adults and the ventral nerve cords of larvae, pupae and imagines of this species as well as in the retrocerebral complex. PISCFs were immunolocalized in the ventral nerve cord of all stages as well as the brain of the adult beetle. Faint signals were also observed in the but not in the . The results allowed us to deduce the sequences of three neuropeptides belonging to MIP/ASTs, Tenmo-MIP4-NWGQFGXWa, Tenmo-MIP5-SKWDNFRGSWa and Tenmo-MIP6-EPAWSNLKGIWa, and one peptide from the PISCF/AST family, QSRYXQCYFNPISCX. Furthermore, we showed for the first time myostimulatory action of endogenous MIP/ASTs. Tenmo-MIP5 caused dose-dependent stimulation of the contractile activity of the beetle oviduct muscles, showing a sigmoidal curve up to 81.20% at the 10 M concentration, and the EC value for the myostimulatory effect of this peptide was 8.50 × 10 M. This is the first report of myostimulatory action of an endogenous myoinhibitory peptide in insect muscles.
阿特拉托菌素（ASTs）是一种多功能昆虫神经肽，能强力抑制肌肉收缩。在本研究中，我们在模式甲虫的神经系统中鉴定并免疫定位了 MIP/AST 和 PISCF/AST 家族的肽。含有 MIP 的神经元在该物种成虫的大脑和幼虫、蛹及成虫的腹神经索以及后脑复合体中被免疫定位。PISCF 被免疫定位在所有阶段的腹神经索以及成虫的大脑中。在 中也观察到微弱的信号，但在 中则没有。这些结果使我们能够推断出属于 MIP/AST 家族的三个神经肽的序列，Tenmo-MIP4-NWGQFGXWa、Tenmo-MIP5-SKWDNFRGSWa 和 Tenmo-MIP6-EPAWSNLKGIWa，以及一个来自 PISCF/AST 家族的肽，QSRYXQCYFNPISCX。此外，我们首次显示了内源性 MIP/AST 的肌刺激作用。Tenmo-MIP5 导致甲虫输卵管肌肉的收缩活性呈剂量依赖性刺激，在 10 M 浓度下达到 81.20%的峰形曲线，该肽的肌刺激作用的 EC 值为 8.50×10 M。这是昆虫肌肉中内源性肌抑制肽具有肌刺激作用的首次报道。
