中国成年居民饮食相关知识、态度、行为与自感健康的关系：一项基于人群的研究。
Association between diet-related knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and self-rated health in Chinese adult residents: a population-based study.
机构信息
School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2020 May 19;20(1):720. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08896-y.
BACKGROUND
Diet-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KABs) are important for building healthier dietary patterns. We conducted this study to (a) investigate diet conditions of Chinese adult residents from the perspective of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, and (b) assess the association between diet-related KABs and self-rated health.
METHODS
We analyzed the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data. Individuals aged 18 years and older were included as study subjects (n = 12,814), assessing their diet-related knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and self-rated health. Comparison of diet-related KABs in urban and rural residents was conducted using chi-square test. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was adopted to examine the association between diet-related KABs and self-rated health.
RESULTS
The proportion of knowing about the Chinese Food Pagoda (CFP) or the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (DGCR) was 27.1%. 34.3% of the participants were assessed as having adequate dietary knowledge literacy. 24.3% reported a positive attitude towards healthy eating. 27.6 and 65.9% of the participants reported proactively looking for nutrition knowledge and preferring eating fruits & vegetables, respectively. Chi-square test indicated that rural people experienced poorer diet-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors than urban residents (all p-values < 0.01). Regression analysis revealed that participants who knew about CFP/DGCR (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.08-1.15), had adequate dietary knowledge literacy (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.10-1.15), held positive attitude towards healthy eating (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.09-1.19), proactively looked for nutrition knowledge (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.08-1.15), and preferred eating fruits & vegetables (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.07-1.12) had significantly better self-rated health.
CONCLUSIONS
Chinese adult residents experienced poor diet-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Rural people had significantly worse diet conditions than urban residents. Better diet-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were associated with higher self-rated health in Chinese adult residents.
背景
饮食相关知识、态度和行为（KAB）对于建立更健康的饮食模式很重要。我们进行这项研究，（a）从知识、态度和行为的角度调查中国成年居民的饮食状况，（b）评估饮食相关 KAB 与自我评估健康之间的关系。
方法
我们分析了 2015 年中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）数据。将年龄在 18 岁及以上的个体纳入研究对象（n=12814），评估他们的饮食相关知识、态度、行为和自我评估健康。使用卡方检验比较城乡居民饮食相关 KAB 的差异。采用有序逻辑回归分析饮食相关 KAB 与自我评估健康之间的关系。
结果
知道中国食物金字塔（CFP）或《中国居民膳食指南》（DGCR）的比例为 27.1%。34.3%的参与者被评估为具有足够的饮食知识素养。24.3%的人对健康饮食持积极态度。27.6%和 65.9%的参与者分别表示积极寻找营养知识和喜欢吃水果和蔬菜。卡方检验表明，农村居民的饮食相关知识、态度和行为均差于城镇居民（均 p 值<0.01）。回归分析显示，知道 CFP/DGCR（OR=1.11，95%CI=1.08-1.15）、具有足够的饮食知识素养（OR=1.12，95%CI=1.10-1.15）、对健康饮食持积极态度（OR=1.14，95%CI=1.09-1.19）、积极寻找营养知识（OR=1.11，95%CI=1.08-1.15）和喜欢吃水果和蔬菜（OR=1.09，95%CI=1.07-1.12）的参与者自我评估健康状况显著更好。
结论
中国成年居民的饮食相关知识、态度和行为较差。农村居民的饮食状况明显差于城镇居民。更好的饮食相关知识、态度和行为与中国成年居民的自我评估健康状况呈正相关。
Zotero 插件