Stasiewicz Beata, Biernacki Maciej, Slowinska Malgorzata Anna, Wadolowska Lidia
Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna 45f, 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-045, Olsztyn, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 9;15(1):24656. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09931-x.
It is well-established that women's nutrition knowledge (NK) is strongly associated with children's nutritional outcomes. However, the association of women's NK with their own diet and health status, including cancer occurrence, remains unknown. This case-control study aimed to assess the associations of NK with dietary patterns (DPs) and breast cancer (BC) occurrence in peri- and postmenopausal women. Data were collected for 417 women aged 40.0-79.9 years from north-eastern Poland, including 189 BC cases. The Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire (QEB) was used to assess NK. Based on the dietary data collected with a food frequency questionnaire (62-item FFQ-6), the three DPs were previously identified, and the Polish-adapted Mediterranean Diet (Polish-aMED) score was calculated. The odds ratio of BC occurrence was lower at the higher level of NK (16-25 points) by 49% (p = 0.0280) compared to the lower level of NK (0-12 points). A higher level of NK was associated with higher adherence to the 'Prudent' pattern and the Polish-aMED score, as well as with lower adherence to the 'Western' and the 'Processed plant fats and sweetened dairy' patterns compared to the lower level of NK. In conclusion, the high level of nutrition-related knowledge seems to be associated with pro-healthy food choices and cancer prevention. Due to the case-control design of the present study and potential reverse causation, there is a need to confirm the obtained findings in further longitudinal studies.
众所周知，女性的营养知识（NK）与儿童的营养状况密切相关。然而，女性的NK与其自身饮食及健康状况（包括癌症发生情况）之间的关联尚不清楚。本病例对照研究旨在评估围绝经期和绝经后女性的NK与饮食模式（DPs）及乳腺癌（BC）发生之间的关联。收集了来自波兰东北部417名年龄在40.0 - 79.9岁女性的数据，其中包括189例BC病例。使用饮食习惯和营养信念问卷（QEB）评估NK。根据通过食物频率问卷（62项FFQ - 6）收集的饮食数据，先前已确定了三种DPs，并计算了波兰版地中海饮食（Polish - aMED）得分。与NK较低水平（0 - 12分）相比，NK较高水平（16 - 25分）时BC发生的优势比降低了49%（p = 0.0280）。与NK较低水平相比，NK较高水平与对“谨慎”模式和波兰版地中海饮食得分的更高依从性相关，同时与对“西方”模式以及“加工植物脂肪和加糖乳制品”模式的更低依从性相关。总之，高水平的营养相关知识似乎与健康的食物选择和癌症预防相关。由于本研究的病例对照设计以及潜在的反向因果关系，有必要在进一步的纵向研究中确认所得结果。
