Water Resources and Electric Power, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, No. 36, Beihuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou City, 450045, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Oct;27(30):37419-37431. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09186-1. Epub 2020 May 20.
It is very important to master the rainfall utilization efficiency and spatial-temporal distribution characteristics in order to improve the agricultural water resource utilization efficiency. In this study, an adaptability index (AI) was constructed to reflect the relationship between rainfall and crop water demand. Spatial analysis and clustering analysis were used to study the spatial distribution characteristics and evolution rules of the adaptability between water demand and rainfall in the growing period of summer maize in Henan Province of China. The results showed that there were significant spatial differences in the adaptability of different regions, and such differences change with time, indicating that AI has certain uncertainties in the region and growth season. In general, the AI of the whole growth period of summer maize is mainly determined by the AI of tasseling period-milky period, while the multi-year change rate of AI is mainly determined by the emergence period-jointing period, tasseling period-milky period, and milky period-maturity period The adaptability of summer maize to rainfall in the study area can be divided into three categories, among which the one with increased adaptability occupies the main part, and the one with sharply decreased adaptability were also distributed in the study area. The above studies indicate that it is important to pay attention to the adaptability of rainfall to agricultural water management. The complexity division of crop water demand by rainfall adaptability index can guide the establishment of reasonable and accurate irrigation system.
为了提高农业水资源利用效率，掌握降雨量利用效率和时空分布特征非常重要。本研究构建了一个适应性指数（AI）来反映降雨量与作物需水量之间的关系。利用空间分析和聚类分析研究了中国河南省夏玉米生长期需水量与降雨量之间适应性的空间分布特征和演变规律。结果表明，不同地区的适应性存在显著的空间差异，且这种差异随时间而变化，表明 AI 在区域和生长季节具有一定的不确定性。总体而言，夏玉米整个生长期的 AI 主要由抽雄期-乳熟期的 AI 决定，而 AI 的多年变化率主要由出苗期-拔节期、抽雄期-乳熟期和乳熟期-成熟期决定。研究区夏玉米对降雨量的适应性可分为三类，其中适应性增加的占主导地位，适应性急剧下降的也有分布。上述研究表明，重视降雨对农业用水管理的适应性非常重要。通过降雨量适应性指数对作物需水量进行复杂划分，可以指导建立合理、准确的灌溉系统。
