Ciaccioni Simone, Capranica Laura, Forte Roberta, Pesce Caterina, Condello Giancarlo
Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy.
Graduate Institute of Sports Training, Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020 May;60(5):685-692. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.10446-8.
Falls prevention is a critical goal of training program for older individuals. This study explored the effects of a judo program on gait performance in older adults.
Pre- and post-intervention (15 weeks, 1-hr session, twice a week) step length (cm), gait cycle time (s), speed (m·s-1) and cadence (step·min-1) mean values (AVG) and coefficients of variation (CV) were assessed in a judo (JG: N.=16 novice judoka; age=69.3±3.9 years) and a control (CG: N.=14 healthy older adults; age=70.1±4.5 years) group. Two 3 (motor complexity: flat, corridor, hurdling) ×2 (group: JG, CG) ×2 (time: pre, post) MANOVAs with repeated measures were applied to ascertain differences in gait parameters.
A significant Time×Motor Complexity×Group interaction was found for AVG and CV. For AVG, JG showed improvements for flat and hurdling conditions in step length (flat: ∆=+2.6%, d=0.4; hurdling: ∆=+3.2%, d=0.4), gait cycle (flat: ∆=-4.3%, d=0.4; hurdling: ∆=-4.0%, d=0.5), speed (flat: ∆=+6.6%, d=0.7; hurdling: ∆=+6.7%, d=0.6) and cadence (flat: ∆=4.3%, d=0.4; hurdling: ∆=3.9%, d=0.5). For CV, JG improved step length for flat (∆=-20.9%, d=0.6) and hurdling (∆=-16.3%, d=0.8) conditions, whereas CG showed a deterioration in the step length for the corridor condition (∆=+22.3%, d=0.7).
The findings demonstrated the effectiveness of an adapted judo program for improving gait performance in older individuals, suggesting a potential protective effect for fall risk.
预防跌倒对于老年人的训练计划而言是一个关键目标。本研究探讨了柔道项目对老年人步态表现的影响。
在柔道组（JG：N = 16名新手柔道运动员；年龄 = 69.3±3.9岁）和对照组（CG：N = 14名健康老年人；年龄 = 70.1±4.5岁）中，评估干预前和干预后（15周，每周两次，每次1小时课程）的步长（厘米）、步态周期时间（秒）、速度（米·秒⁻¹）和步频（步·分钟⁻¹）的平均值（AVG）以及变异系数（CV）。应用两个3（运动复杂性：平地、走廊、跨栏）×2（组：JG、CG）×2（时间：干预前、干预后）的重复测量多变量方差分析来确定步态参数的差异。
在AVG和CV方面发现了显著的时间×运动复杂性×组的交互作用。对于AVG，JG在平地和跨栏条件下的步长（平地：∆ = +2.6%，d = 0.4；跨栏：∆ = +3.2%，d = 0.4）、步态周期（平地：∆ = -4.3%，d = 0.4；跨栏：∆ = -4.0%，d = 0.5）、速度（平地：∆ = +6.6%，d = 0.7；跨栏：∆ = +6.7%，d = 0.6）和步频（平地：∆ = 4.3%，d = 0.4；跨栏：∆ = 3.9%，d = 0.5）均有改善。对于CV，JG在平地（∆ = -20.9%，d = 0.6）和跨栏（∆ = -16.3%，d = 0.8）条件下的步长有所改善，而CG在走廊条件下的步长出现恶化（∆ = +22.�%，d = 0.7）。
研究结果表明，一项经过调整的柔道项目对于改善老年人的步态表现是有效的，这表明对跌倒风险具有潜在的保护作用。
