Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile.
Carrera de Entrenador Deportivo, Escuela de Educación, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 10;18(14):7381. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147381.
The aim of this systematic review was to analyse the studies centered on the effects of Olympic combat sports (OCS [i.e., boxing, fencing, judo, karate, taekwondo, wrestling]) on older adults' physical-functional, physiological, and psychoemotional health status. The review comprised randomised-controlled trials with OCS interventions, including older adults (≥60 years), and measures of physical-functional, physiological, and/or psychoemotional health. The studies were searched through SCOPUS, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and EBSCO databases until 5 January 2021. The PRISMA-P and TESTEX scales were used to assess the quality of the selected studies. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42020204034). Twelve OCS intervention studies were found (scored ≥ 60% for methodological quality), comprising 392 females and 343 males (mean age: 69.6 years), participating in boxing, judo, karate, and taekwondo. The qualitative analysis revealed that compared to controls, OCS training improved muscle strength, cardiorespiratory capacity, agility, balance, movement, attention, memory, mental health, anxiety, and stress tolerance. Meta-analysis was available only for the chair stand test, and an improvement was noted after OCS training compared to control. In conclusion, OCS interventions improves older adults' physical-functional, physiological, and psychoemotional health. Our systematic review confirms that OCS training has high adherence (greater than 80%) in older adults.
本系统评价的目的是分析以奥林匹克格斗运动（OCS [即拳击、击剑、柔道、空手道、跆拳道、摔跤]）对老年人身体功能、生理和心理情绪健康状况的影响的研究。该综述包括 OCS 干预的随机对照试验，纳入了老年人（≥60 岁），以及身体功能、生理和/或心理情绪健康的测量指标。研究通过 SCOPUS、PubMed/MEDLINE、Web of Science、PsycINFO 和 EBSCO 数据库进行检索，检索截至 2021 年 1 月 5 日。采用 PRISMA-P 和 TESTEX 量表评估所选研究的质量。该方案在 PROSPERO 中进行了注册（编号：CRD42020204034）。共发现 12 项 OCS 干预研究（方法学质量评分≥60%），包括 392 名女性和 343 名男性（平均年龄：69.6 岁），参加了拳击、柔道、空手道和跆拳道。定性分析表明，与对照组相比，OCS 训练可改善肌肉力量、心肺功能、敏捷性、平衡、动作、注意力、记忆力、心理健康、焦虑和应激耐受力。仅对坐站测试进行了荟萃分析，与对照组相比，OCS 训练后有改善。总之，OCS 干预可提高老年人的身体功能、生理和心理情绪健康。我们的系统评价证实 OCS 训练在老年人中的依从性很高（大于 80%）。
