Palumbo Federico, Ciaccioni Simone, Guidotti Flavia, Forte Roberta, Sacripanti Attilio, Capranica Laura, Tessitore Antonio
Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy.
International Judo Federation Academy Foundation, XBX 1421 Ta' Xbiex, Malta.
Sports (Basel). 2023 Mar 14;11(3):68. doi: 10.3390/sports11030068.
This systematic overview aimed to review studies investigating the benefits and risks of judo training in older people, and to explore practical methodological applications (Registration ID: CRD42021274825). Searches of EBSCOhost, ISI-WoS, and Scopus databases, with no time restriction up to December 2022, resulted in 23 records meeting the inclusion criteria. A quality assessment was performed through the following tools: ROBINS-I for 10 experimental studies, NIH for 7 observational studies, and AGREE-II for 6 methodological studies. A serious risk of bias emerged for 70% of the experimental studies, whereas 100% of the observational and 67% of the methodological studies presented a "fair" quality. When involving 1392 participants (63 ± 12 years; females: 47%), the studies investigated novice ( = 13), amateur/intermediate ( = 4), expert ( = 4), and unknown ( = 3) level judoka by means of device-based, self-reported, and visual evaluation measures. Mean training encompassed 2 ± 1 sessions. week of 61 ± 17 min for 7 ± 6 months. In relation to judo training exposure and outcomes, three main themes emerged: (i) health (56% of studies; e.g., bones, anthropometry, quality of life); (ii) functional fitness (43%; e.g., balance, strength, walking speed); and iii) psychosocial aspects (43%; e.g., fear of falling, cognition, self-efficacy). Although the included studies presented relevant methodological weaknesses, the data support the positive effects of judo training with advancing age. Future research is needed to help coaches plan judo programs for older people.
本系统综述旨在回顾关于老年人柔道训练的益处和风险的研究，并探索实际的方法学应用（注册号：CRD42021274825）。检索EBSCOhost、ISI-WoS和Scopus数据库，截至2022年12月无时间限制，共获得23条符合纳入标准的记录。通过以下工具进行质量评估：对10项实验性研究使用ROBINS-I，对7项观察性研究使用NIH，对6项方法学研究使用AGREE-II。70%的实验性研究存在严重的偏倚风险，而100%的观察性研究和67%的方法学研究质量为“中等”。这些研究涉及1392名参与者（63±12岁；女性占47%），通过基于设备、自我报告和视觉评估等方法，对新手（n = 13）、业余/中级（n = 4）、专家（n = 4）和水平不明（n = 3）的柔道练习者进行了调查。平均训练包括每周2±1次课程，每次61±17分钟，持续7±6个月。关于柔道训练暴露和结果，出现了三个主要主题：（i）健康（56%的研究；如骨骼、人体测量学、生活质量）；（ii）功能适应性（43%；如平衡、力量、步行速度）；以及（iii）心理社会方面（43%；如跌倒恐惧、认知、自我效能感）。尽管纳入的研究存在相关的方法学弱点，但数据支持随着年龄增长柔道训练的积极效果。未来需要开展研究，以帮助教练为老年人制定柔道训练计划。
