Lo Michaela, Reed James, Castello Leandro, Steel E Ashley, Frimpong Emmanuel A, Ickowitz Amy
Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.
Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia.
Bioscience. 2020 May 1;70(5):404-414. doi: 10.1093/biosci/biaa021. Epub 2020 Apr 1.
Tropical forests influence freshwater fish through multiple pathways, only some of which are well documented. We systematically reviewed the literature to assess the current state of knowledge on forests and freshwater fish in the tropics. The existing evidence is mostly concentrated in the neotropics. The majority of studies provided evidence that fish diversity was higher where there was more forest cover; this was related to the greater heterogeneity of resources in forested environments that could support a wider range of species. Studies quantifying fish abundance (or biomass) showed mixed relationships with forest cover, depending on species-specific habitat preferences. We identify the key challenges limiting our current understanding of the forest-fish nexus and provide recommendations for future research to address these knowledge gaps. A clear understanding of the functional pathways in forest-freshwater ecosystems can improve evidence-based policy development concerned with deforestation, biodiversity conservation, and food insecurity in the tropics.
热带森林通过多种途径影响淡水鱼，其中只有一些途径有充分的文献记载。我们系统地回顾了文献，以评估当前关于热带地区森林和淡水鱼的知识状况。现有证据大多集中在新热带地区。大多数研究表明，森林覆盖面积越大的地方鱼类多样性越高；这与森林环境中资源的更大异质性有关，这种异质性可以支持更广泛的物种。量化鱼类丰度（或生物量）的研究表明，其与森林覆盖的关系不一，这取决于特定物种的栖息地偏好。我们确定了限制我们目前对森林与鱼类关系理解的关键挑战，并为未来研究提供建议，以填补这些知识空白。清楚了解森林 - 淡水生态系统中的功能途径，可以改善与热带地区森林砍伐、生物多样性保护和粮食不安全相关的循证政策制定。
