Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100087, China.
Deqingyuan Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100081, China.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Jul;262:114355. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114355. Epub 2020 Mar 12.
Pollutant gases and particulate matters (PM) from livestock facilities can affect the health of animals and farm workers and lead to great social environmental risks. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the characteristics of ammonia (NH), nitrogen oxides (NO), sulfur dioxide (SO) and PM (including PM and PM) in a 100,000-bird manure-belt layer house in suburb Beijing for three typical seasons of summer, autumn and winter. Indoor air was sampled at an exhaust fan of the mechanically ventilated commercial house. The monitored indoor concentrations of NH, NO, SO, PM and PM were 3.7-5.0 mg m, 17-58 μg m, 0-11 μg m, 100-149 μg m and 354-828 μg m, respectively. The indoor NH concentrations were largely influenced by the manure removal frequency. The NO and SO were mainly sourced from the ambient air, and the NO was also partly sourced from manure decomposition in summer. The indoor PM and PM were largely sourced from the ambient air and the indoor manure, respectively. The abundant indoor NH caused significantly higher NH concentration in the indoor PM (7.98 ± 9.04 μg m) than that in the ambient PM (3.48 ± 3.52 μg m). Secondary inorganic ions (SO, NO and NH) totally contributed 5.7% and 14.6% to the indoor and ambient PM, respectively; they contributed 2.8% and 8.9% to the indoor and ambient PM, respectively. Organic carbon was the main component of the PM and accounted for 26.6% and 41.5% of the indoor PM and PM, respectively. Heavy metal elements (Zn, Cu and Cr) were likely transported from feed to manure and finally accumulated in the PM. Given the high emission potential, the air pollutants from animal production suggested potential risks for human health.
禽畜舍的污染物气体和颗粒物（PM）会影响动物和农场工人的健康，并导致巨大的社会环境风险。本文全面研究了北京郊区一座十万羽粪带层鸡舍在夏季、秋季和冬季三个典型季节中氨（NH）、氮氧化物（NO）、二氧化硫（SO）和 PM（包括 PM 和 PM）的特征。通过机械通风商业住宅的排气扇采集室内空气样本。监测到的室内 NH、NO、SO、PM 和 PM 浓度分别为 3.7-5.0mg/m、17-58μg/m、0-11μg/m、100-149μg/m 和 354-828μg/m。室内 NH 浓度主要受清粪频率影响。NO 和 SO 主要来源于环境空气，夏季部分来自粪肥分解。室内 PM 和 PM 主要来源于环境空气和室内粪肥。大量的室内 NH 导致室内 PM 中的 NH 浓度明显高于环境 PM（7.98±9.04μg/m）。二次无机离子（SO、NO 和 NH）分别对室内和环境 PM 的贡献率为 5.7%和 14.6%；它们对室内和环境 PM 的贡献率分别为 2.8%和 8.9%。有机碳是 PM 的主要成分，分别占室内和环境 PM 的 26.6%和 41.5%。重金属元素（Zn、Cu 和 Cr）可能从饲料转移到粪肥中，最终在 PM 中积累。鉴于其高排放潜力，动物生产中的空气污染物对人类健康构成了潜在风险。
