Department of Environmental Science and Engineering College, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Departments of Bioengineering, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Chemosphere. 2020 Aug;252:126494. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126494. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
We used five types of surfactants assisted with sodium salts, including sodium tartrate (ST), sodium chloride (SC), and humic acid sodium (HAS) as auxiliary agents for soil washing to remove diesel from contaminated soil. Decontamination enhancement of diesel polluted soil washing with biosurfactant and HO was examined, which showed higher effectiveness for newly contaminated soil. An increase in temperature and sodium salt addition exhibited a profound enhancement in diesel removal from aged contaminated soils. Compared to ST and SC, HAS exhibited a higher removal efficiency with saponin washing for aged diesel contaminated soil by lowering surface tension, shifting zeta potential, and increasing the number of micelles. Phytotoxicity experiments showed no significant inhibition of germination of lettuce, arugula, and cucumber with 0.2 g L saponin incubation. Conversely, there was a promotion on the root extension of lettuce and cucumber except for arugula. Similarly, the addition of 2% HAS (wight of saponin) improved on root growth of lettuce, arugula, and cucumber, increasing by 25%, 5%, and 22% at the period of 14 d, respectively. Because of excellent removal efficiency and non-toxicity, enhanced wash with saponin and HAS might be considered in the future design of full-scale remediation processes of diesel contaminated soil.
我们使用了五种类型的表面活性剂，并辅助使用了钠盐，包括酒石酸钠（ST）、氯化钠（SC）和腐殖酸钠（HAS）作为土壤洗涤的助剂，以去除受污染土壤中的柴油。研究了生物表面活性剂和 HO 对受污染土壤洗涤脱除柴油的增效作用，结果表明对于新污染的土壤，这种方法更为有效。增加温度和添加钠盐对老化污染土壤中柴油的去除有显著的促进作用。与 ST 和 SC 相比，腐殖酸钠在降低表面张力、改变zeta 电位和增加胶束数量方面表现出更高的去除效率，从而提高了皂素对老化柴油污染土壤的去除效率。采用发芽试验对污染土壤洗脱液进行了植物毒性实验，结果表明，在 0.2 g/L 皂素孵育条件下，生菜、芝麻菜和黄瓜的发芽均无明显抑制作用。相反，除芝麻菜外，生菜和黄瓜的根伸长都得到了促进。同样，添加 2%的腐殖酸钠（皂素重量）也改善了生菜、芝麻菜和黄瓜的根生长，分别在 14 天内增加了 25%、5%和 22%。由于具有优异的去除效率和非毒性，强化使用皂素和腐殖酸钠洗涤可能会在未来柴油污染土壤的大规模修复工艺设计中得到考虑。
