Department of Child and Family Studies, University of South Florida, MHC2113A, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
8209 Bally Money Road, Tampa, FL 33610, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2020 Jun;67(3):573-584. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2020.02.011.
Serious threats to child safety are infrequent and unpredictable but can lead to serious injury and death. To stay safe, children must identify and avoid contact with a safety threat, escape from it, and report it to an adult so the adult can remove the threat. Research shows that active learning approaches are effective for teaching children to engage in these safety skills. Passive learning approaches are not effective. Active learning approaches require children to practice the skills in the presence of simulated threats with feedback to reinforce correct responses and promote generalization of skills to the natural environment.
对儿童安全的严重威胁并不常见且难以预测，但可能导致严重伤害和死亡。为了保证安全，儿童必须识别并避免接触安全威胁，在遇到威胁时能够逃脱并向成年人报告，以便成年人能够消除威胁。研究表明，主动学习方法对于教授儿童参与这些安全技能是有效的。被动学习方法则无效。主动学习方法要求儿童在模拟威胁的情况下练习技能，并提供反馈以强化正确的反应，促进技能在自然环境中的泛化。
