Extrication of the Microbial Interactions of Activated Sludge Used in the Textile Effluent Treatment of Anaerobic Reactor Through Metagenomic Profiling.

Industrial effluents are potential threats to water bodies owing to the chemicals they contain to create pollution. Activated sludge effluents represent an ecosystem of multifaceted and interactive microbial consortia that flourish with different genetic as well as metabolic potential. This study is applied to a nanopore sequencing to understand the microbial organisms involved in degradation pathways, and their interaction among them. The taxonomic profile determined the occurrence of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Terrabacteria, bacteria, and Firmicutes with the dominance of Burkholderiales. Burkholderia pseudomallei was found to be 13.79% of the classified reads. The Gene ontology evaluation revealed that mobile elements and tRNA genes were the predominant genetic composition of the community with 16% of the total genes. The functional annotation of genes ensured the presence of genes encoding various types of RNA, homo and heteromultimeric proteins and pseudogenes as well. Pathways that involved in effluent treatment such as amines, aromatic, organic, and aromatic compound degradation were also illustrated. Amino acyl tRNA charging, signal transduction, and hormone degradation were the pathways that are identified to be common in all the organisms of the activated sludge. The study elaborated on the xenobiotic degradation that is exclusive of the predominant Burkholderiales and the interaction of them in the community as a whole. The present study revealed the genes, proteins, and the pathways of the activated sludge microbiome which will enhance the perceptions of the core mechanisms of effluent degradation.