Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2020 May 22;20(7):21. doi: 10.1007/s11910-020-01040-8.
Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are a group of primary brain tumors that arise from supporting glial cells. They are characterized by a mutation in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzyme and include astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. They usually affect young adults, and their main treatment consists of surgical resection, followed by radiation and chemotherapy in selected patients. This article reviews recent research on the clinical and molecular aspects of the disease and innovative therapeutic modalities in the process.
Newly identified clinical and molecular features are currently used in the classification of LGG and applied in treatment-planning decisions. Advanced studies on the cellular level have an advanced understanding of the metabolic effects induced by IDH mutations, offering opportunities for specific targeted therapies that may improve patient outcomes. Such findings may lead to a paradigm shift in the treatment of these tumors. Although LGG are sensitive to radiation and chemotherapy, these therapies are not curative, and patient survival remains limited, raising the need for more creative and effective interventions.
低级别胶质瘤（LGG）是一组起源于神经胶质细胞的原发性脑肿瘤。它们的特征是异柠檬酸脱氢酶（IDH）酶的突变，包括星形细胞瘤和少突胶质细胞瘤。它们通常影响年轻人，其主要治疗方法包括手术切除，然后在选定的患者中进行放疗和化疗。本文综述了该疾病的临床和分子方面以及该过程中的创新治疗方法的最新研究进展。
目前在 LGG 的分类中使用新确定的临床和分子特征，并应用于治疗计划决策。在细胞水平上的深入研究深入了解了 IDH 突变引起的代谢效应，为可能改善患者预后的特定靶向治疗提供了机会。这些发现可能会导致这些肿瘤治疗的范式转变。尽管 LGG 对放疗和化疗敏感，但这些疗法并不能治愈，患者的生存仍然受到限制，这就需要更有创意和更有效的干预措施。
