Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2020 Oct;66:65-73. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.04.006. Epub 2020 May 20.
Human African trypanosomes rely for their transmission on tsetse flies (Glossina sp.) that inoculate parasites into the skin during blood feeding. The absence of a protective vaccine, limited knowledge about the infection immunology, and the existence of asymptomatic carriers sustaining transmission are major outstanding challenges towards elimination. All these relate to the skin where (i) parasites persist and transmit to tsetse flies and (ii) a successful vaccination strategy should ideally be effective. Host immune processes and parasite strategies that underlie early infection and skin tropism are essential aspects to comprehend the transmission-success of trypanosomes and the failure in vaccine development. Recent insights into the early infection establishment may pave the way to novel strategies aimed at blocking transmission.
人体感染非洲锥虫依赖于采采蝇（舌蝇属）的传播，采采蝇在吸血时将寄生虫接种到皮肤中。目前还没有有效的疫苗，对感染免疫的了解有限，而且还存在无症状的携带者维持传播，这些都是消除这种疾病的主要挑战。所有这些都与皮肤有关，在皮肤中（i）寄生虫持续存在并传播给采采蝇，（ii）理想情况下，成功的疫苗接种策略应该是有效的。宿主免疫过程和寄生虫策略是理解锥虫传播成功和疫苗开发失败的关键方面，这些策略是寄生虫在早期感染和皮肤嗜性中存在的基础。最近对早期感染建立的深入了解可能为阻断传播的新策略铺平道路。
