瑞士急性护理和康复医院卫生专业人员的工作相关压力：一项横断面研究。
Work-related stress among health professionals in Swiss acute care and rehabilitation hospitals-A cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Division of Applied Research & Development in Nursing, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Health Services Research (Focusing on Value-based Care and Ageing), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
J Clin Nurs. 2020 Aug;29(15-16):3064-3081. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15340. Epub 2020 Jun 16.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to identify significant work stressors associated with stress symptoms, job satisfaction, intention to leave and health-related outcomes among health professionals.
BACKGROUND
The workforce shortage of health professionals is a current concern, and a reduction of work-related stress is thus essential for retaining health professionals. Studies on the extent of work-related stress in different health professions are limited.
METHODS
The research was conducted with a cross-sectional study encompassing 26 randomly selected acute care and rehabilitation hospitals. The sample consisted of 3,398 health professionals. The study was undertaken in accordance with the STROBE checklist for observational studies.
RESULTS
Work-private life conflicts were significantly associated with health professionals' stress symptoms, job satisfaction, intention to leave the organisation and profession, their general health status, burnout symptoms and quality of sleep. Also, opportunities for development and the behaviour of the direct line manager (e.g. quality of leadership, unfair behaviour, rewards given) along with various profession-specific stressors were the important predictors revealed.
CONCLUSIONS
This study shows the high relevance of preventing and reducing work-private life conflicts, enhancing leadership qualities as well as opportunities for development among health professionals working in acute care and rehabilitation hospitals. Also, differences between health professions should be taken into consideration in developing strategies for reducing stress at work.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
The results of this study are particularly relevant for health professional leaders and reveal the urgent need in hospital practice for effective strategies to improve health professionals' work-private life balance, opportunities for development and quality of leadership.
目的和目标
本研究旨在确定与健康专业人员的压力症状、工作满意度、离职意向和与健康相关的结果相关的重要工作压力源。
背景
卫生专业人员的劳动力短缺是当前的一个关注点，因此减少与工作相关的压力对于留住卫生专业人员至关重要。关于不同卫生专业人员工作相关压力程度的研究有限。
方法
该研究采用了一项横断面研究，涵盖了 26 家随机选择的急性护理和康复医院。样本包括 3398 名卫生专业人员。该研究是按照 STROBE 观察性研究检查表进行的。
结果
工作与私人生活的冲突与健康专业人员的压力症状、工作满意度、离开组织和职业的意向、他们的一般健康状况、倦怠症状和睡眠质量显著相关。此外，发展机会以及直接上级的行为（例如领导质量、不公平行为、给予的奖励）以及各种特定于职业的压力源是揭示的重要预测因素。
结论
本研究表明，预防和减少工作与私人生活的冲突、提高急性护理和康复医院工作的卫生专业人员的领导素质和发展机会具有高度相关性。此外，在制定减少工作压力的策略时，应考虑到不同卫生专业之间的差异。
临床相关性
本研究的结果对卫生专业人员的领导者特别相关，并揭示了医院实践中迫切需要有效的策略来改善卫生专业人员的工作与私人生活平衡、发展机会和领导质量。
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