Scoriels Linda, Genaro Larissa T, Mororó Luana G C, Keffer Stella, Guimarães Anna Luiza D V, Ribeiro Paulo V S, Tannos Filippe M, Novaes Caroline, França Aniela I, Goldenstein Nelson, Sahakian Barbara J, Cavalcanti Maria T, Fisher Melissa, Vinogradov Sophia, Panizzutti Rogerio
Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Schizophr Res. 2020 Aug;222:319-326. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.05.017. Epub 2020 May 21.
Cognitive impairments are related to deficits in primary auditory and visual sensory processes in schizophrenia. These impairments can be remediated by neuroscience-informed computerized cognitive trainings that target auditory and visual processes. However, it is not clear which modality results in greater improvements in cognition, symptoms and quality of life. We aimed to investigate the impact of training auditory versus visual cognitive processes in global cognition in patients with schizophrenia.
Seventy-nine schizophrenia participants were randomly assigned to either 40 h of auditory or visual computerized training. Auditory and visual exercises were chosen to be dynamically equivalent and difficulties increased progressively during the training. We evaluated cognition, symptoms and quality of life before, after 20 h, and after 40 h of training. ClinicalTrials.gov (1R03TW009002-01).
Participants who received the visual training showed significant improvements in global cognition compared to the auditory training group. The visual training significantly improved attention and reasoning and problem-solving, while the auditory training improved reasoning and problem-solving only. Schizophrenia symptoms improved after training in both groups, whereas quality of life remained unchanged. Interestingly, there was a significant and positive correlation between improvements in attention and symptoms in the visual training group.
We conclude that the visual training and the auditory training are differentially efficient at remediating cognitive deficits and symptoms of clinically stable schizophrenia patients. Ongoing follow-up of participants will evaluate the durability of training effects on cognition and symptoms, as well as the potential impact on quality of life over time.
认知障碍与精神分裂症患者的初级听觉和视觉感觉过程缺陷有关。这些障碍可以通过针对听觉和视觉过程的神经科学指导的计算机化认知训练来纠正。然而，尚不清楚哪种方式能在认知、症状和生活质量方面带来更大改善。我们旨在研究训练听觉与视觉认知过程对精神分裂症患者整体认知的影响。
79名精神分裂症参与者被随机分配接受40小时的听觉或视觉计算机化训练。选择的听觉和视觉练习在动态上是等效的，且训练过程中难度逐渐增加。我们在训练前、20小时后和40小时后评估认知、症状和生活质量。ClinicalTrials.gov（1R03TW009002 - 01）。
与听觉训练组相比，接受视觉训练的参与者在整体认知方面有显著改善。视觉训练显著改善了注意力、推理和解决问题的能力，而听觉训练仅改善了推理和解决问题的能力。两组训练后精神分裂症症状均有所改善，而生活质量保持不变。有趣的是，视觉训练组中注意力的改善与症状改善之间存在显著正相关。
我们得出结论，视觉训练和听觉训练在纠正临床稳定的精神分裂症患者的认知缺陷和症状方面效率不同。对参与者的持续随访将评估训练对认知和症状影响的持久性，以及随着时间推移对生活质量的潜在影响。
