Ozen Tevfik, Kizil Demet, Yenigun Semiha, Cesur Hasan, Turkekul Ibrahim
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139-Samsun, Turkey.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Gaziosmanpasa University, 60150-Tokat, Turkey.
Int J Med Mushrooms. 2019;21(10):979-994. doi: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2019031927.
In this study, we investigated the phenolic profile, metal concentrations, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of edible mushrooms collected from Sinop, Turkey: Amanita caesarea, Boletus edulis, Grifola frondosa, Hydnum repandum, Lactarius deliciosus, L. piperatus, L. volemus, Laetiporus sulphureus, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Ramaria flava. The mycochemical contents of R. flava, L. sulphureus, A. caesarea, L. deliciosus, and B. edulis were high. The cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) contents of mushrooms were between < 0.54 and 8.97 ppm. L. deliciosus had effective total antioxidant activity (7990 μmol α-tocopherol eq./g), ABTS·+ (2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) scavenging activity scavenging activity (EC50:7.87 μg/mL), and free-radical scavenging activity (EC50: 0.018 μg/mL) due to high levels of phenol, flavonoid, β-carotene, and lycopene. B. edulis demonstrated strong reducing power (A0.5: 11.89 μg/mL), inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation (EC50:0.0016 μg/mL), and H2O2 scavenging activity (EC50: 0.28 μg/mL). A. caesarea and R. flava showed the best metal chelating activity (EC50:44.31 μg/mL) and superoxide anion scavenging activity (EC50:0.18 μg/mL), respectively. Inhibition zone values of A. caesarea extract were detected between 8.1 and 27.1 mm for B. cereus. Our results show that mushrooms are promising dietary sources for natural prevention of many infectious diseases and that they act as antioxidant agents.
在本研究中，我们调查了从土耳其锡诺普采集的可食用蘑菇的酚类成分、金属浓度以及抗氧化和抗菌活性，这些蘑菇包括：橙盖鹅膏菌、美味牛肝菌、云芝、刺芹侧耳、松乳菇、辣乳菇、多汁乳菇、硫黄多孔菌、糙皮侧耳和平盖粉枝瑚菌。黄枝瑚菌、硫黄多孔菌、橙盖鹅膏菌、松乳菇和美味牛肝菌的真菌化学成分含量较高。蘑菇中的钴（Co）、镉（Cd）、镍（Ni）和铅（Pb）含量在<0.54至8.97 ppm之间。由于含有高水平的酚类、黄酮类、β-胡萝卜素和番茄红素，松乳菇具有有效的总抗氧化活性（7990 μmol α-生育酚当量/克）、ABTS·+（2,2'-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸））清除活性（EC50：7.87 μg/mL）和自由基清除活性（EC50：0.018 μg/mL）。美味牛肝菌表现出较强的还原能力（A0.5：11.89 μg/mL）、对亚油酸过氧化的抑制作用（EC50：0.0016 μg/mL）和H2O2清除活性（EC50：0.28 μg/mL）。橙盖鹅膏菌和黄枝瑚菌分别表现出最佳的金属螯合活性（EC50：44.31 μg/mL）和超氧阴离子清除活性（EC50：0.18 μg/mL）。蜡样芽孢杆菌的橙盖鹅膏菌提取物抑菌圈值在8.1至27.1毫米之间。我们的结果表明，蘑菇有望成为天然预防多种传染病的膳食来源，并且它们可作为抗氧化剂。
