Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Department of Philosophy, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
PLoS One. 2020 May 26;15(5):e0233127. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233127. eCollection 2020.
The literature has shown that different types of moral dilemmas elicit discrepant decision patterns. The present research investigated the role of uncertainty in contributing to these decision patterns. Two studies were conducted to examine participants' choices in commonly used dilemmas. Study 1 showed that participants' perceived outcome probabilities were significantly associated with their moral choices, and that these associations were independent from the dilemma type. Study 2 revealed that participants had significantly less preference for killing the individual when the outcome probabilities were stated using the modal verb 'will' than when they were stated using the numerical phrasing of '100%'. Our findings illustrate a discord between experimenter and participant in the interpretation of task instructions.
文献表明，不同类型的道德困境会引发不同的决策模式。本研究探讨了不确定性在促成这些决策模式中的作用。进行了两项研究来检验参与者在常用困境中的选择。研究 1 表明，参与者感知的结果概率与他们的道德选择显著相关，并且这些关联与困境类型无关。研究 2 表明，当使用模态动词“将”来表述结果概率时，参与者对杀死个体的偏好明显低于使用“100%”的数值表述时。我们的发现说明了实验者和参与者在任务指令解释上的不一致。
