Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
Molecules. 2020 May 22;25(10):2426. doi: 10.3390/molecules25102426.
The purpose of this study was to compare the chemical composition and biological properties of Polish propolis. Ethanol, ethanol-hexane, hexane and hexane-ethanol extracts of propolis from three different regions of Poland were prepared. On the basis of the evaluation of their chemical composition as well as the extraction yield and free radical scavenging activity, the ethanol and hexane-ethanol extractions were proposed as the most effective methods. Subsequently, the biological properties of the extracts were evaluated to investigate the selectivity of an anticancer effect on tongue cancer cells in comparison to normal gingival fibroblasts. The obtained products demonstrated anticancer activity against tongue cancer cells. Additionally, when the lowest extract concentration (100 µg/mL) was applied, they were not cytotoxic to gingival fibroblasts. Finally, a possible anti-inflammatory potential of the prepared products was revealed, as reduced mitochondrial activity and proliferation of macrophages exposed to the extracts were observed. The results obtained indicate a potential of Polish propolis as a natural product with cancer-selective toxicity and anti-inflammatory effect. However, further studies are still needed to thoroughly explain the molecular mechanisms of its action and to obtain the promising health benefits of this versatile natural product.
本研究旨在比较波兰蜂胶的化学成分和生物学特性。从波兰三个不同地区制备了蜂胶的乙醇、乙醇-己烷、己烷和己烷-乙醇提取物。基于其化学成分评价、提取产率和自由基清除活性，提出乙醇和己烷-乙醇提取是最有效的方法。随后，评估提取物的生物学特性，以研究其对舌癌细胞的抗癌作用相对于正常牙龈成纤维细胞的选择性。所得产物对舌癌细胞具有抗癌活性。此外，当应用最低提取物浓度（100µg/mL）时，它们对牙龈成纤维细胞没有细胞毒性。最后，揭示了制备产物可能具有抗炎潜力，因为暴露于提取物的巨噬细胞的线粒体活性和增殖减少。研究结果表明，波兰蜂胶作为一种具有癌症选择性毒性和抗炎作用的天然产物具有潜在用途。然而，仍需要进一步研究以彻底解释其作用的分子机制，并获得这种多功能天然产物的有希望的健康益处。
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