Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 May 23;20(10):2958. doi: 10.3390/s20102958.
Target tracking and interception in a dynamic world proves to be a fundamental challenge faced by both animals and artificial systems. To track moving objects under natural conditions, agents must employ strategies to mitigate interference and conditions of uncertainty. Animal studies of prey tracking and capture reveal biological solutions, which can inspire new technologies, particularly for operations in complex and noisy environments. By reviewing research on target tracking and interception by echolocating bats, we aim to highlight biological solutions that could inform new approaches to artificial sonar tracking and navigation systems. Most bat species use wideband echolocation signals to navigate dense forests and hunt for evasive insects in the dark. Importantly, bats exhibit rapid adaptations in flight trajectory, sonar beam aim, and echolocation signal design, which appear to be key to the success of these animals in a variety of tasks. The rich suite of adaptive behaviors of echolocating bats could be leveraged in new sonar tracking technologies by implementing dynamic sensorimotor feedback control of wideband sonar signal design, head, and ear movements.
在动态世界中进行目标跟踪和拦截对于动物和人工系统来说都是一个基本挑战。为了在自然条件下跟踪移动物体，代理必须采用策略来减轻干扰和不确定性的条件。对猎物跟踪和捕获的动物研究揭示了生物学解决方案，这些解决方案可以为复杂和嘈杂环境中的操作提供新的技术，特别是为操作提供新的技术。通过回顾回声定位蝙蝠的目标跟踪和拦截研究，我们旨在强调生物学解决方案，这些解决方案可以为人工声纳跟踪和导航系统提供新的方法。大多数蝙蝠物种使用宽带回声定位信号在茂密的森林中导航，并在黑暗中捕猎逃避的昆虫。重要的是，蝙蝠在飞行轨迹、声纳波束瞄准和回声定位信号设计方面表现出快速的适应性，这些似乎是这些动物在各种任务中成功的关键。回声定位蝙蝠的丰富适应行为套件可以通过对宽带声纳信号设计、头部和耳朵运动的传感器-运动反馈控制来实现新的声纳跟踪技术。
