信息对前列腺癌筛查决策过程的影响：一项离散选择实验。
The effect of information on prostate cancer screening decision process: a discrete choice experiment.
机构信息
Normandie Univ, UniCaen, Inserm, Anticipe, 14000, Caen, France.
University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2020 May 26;20(1):467. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-05327-x.
BACKGROUND
Prostate cancer screening is controversial because of uncertainty about its benefits and risks. The aim of this survey was to reveal preferences of men concerning prostate cancer screening and to test the effect of an informative video on these preferences.
METHODS
A stated preferences questionnaire was sent by e-mail to men aged 50-75 with no history of prostate cancer. Half of them were randomly assigned to view an informative video. A discrete choice model was established to reveal men's preferences for six prostate cancer screening characteristics: mortality by prostate cancer, number of false positive and false negative results, number of overdiagnosis, out-of-pocket costs and recommended frequency.
RESULTS
A population-based sample composed by 1024 men filled in the entire questionnaire. Each attribute gave the expected sign except for overdiagnosis. The video seemed to increase the intention to abstain from prostate cancer screening.
CONCLUSIONS
The participants attached greater importance to a decrease in the number of false negatives and a reduction in prostate cancer mortality than to other risks such as the number of false positives and overdiagnosis. Further research is needed to help men make an informed choice regarding screening.
背景
前列腺癌筛查存在争议，因为其益处和风险不确定。本调查旨在揭示男性对前列腺癌筛查的偏好，并测试信息视频对这些偏好的影响。
方法
通过电子邮件向 50-75 岁且无前列腺癌病史的男性发送了一份陈述偏好问卷。其中一半随机分配观看信息视频。建立了一个离散选择模型来揭示男性对前列腺癌筛查六个特征的偏好：前列腺癌死亡率、假阳性和假阴性结果的数量、过度诊断的数量、自付费用和推荐频率。
结果
由 1024 名男性组成的基于人群的样本填写了整个问卷。除了过度诊断外，每个属性都给出了预期的符号。视频似乎增加了避免前列腺癌筛查的意愿。
结论
参与者更重视减少假阴性和降低前列腺癌死亡率，而不是其他风险，如假阳性和过度诊断的数量。需要进一步研究以帮助男性做出有关筛查的知情选择。
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