Monash University.
Deakin University.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2020 Jul 1;30(4):237-248. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.2019-0349. Epub 2020 May 26.
The study aimed to determine the impact of a dairy milk recovery beverage immediately after endurance exercise on leukocyte trafficking, neutrophil function, and gastrointestinal tolerance markers during recovery. Male runners (N = 11) completed two feeding trials in randomized order, after 2 hr of running at 70% V˙O2max, fluid restricted, in temperate conditions (25 °C, 43% relative humidity). Immediately postexercise, the participants received a chocolate-flavored dairy milk beverage equating to 1.2 g/kg body mass carbohydrate and 0.4 g/kg body mass protein in one trial, and water volume equivalent in another trial. Venous blood and breath samples were collected preexercise, postexercise, and during recovery to determine the leukocyte counts, plasma intestinal fatty acid binding protein, and cortisol concentrations, as well as breath H2. In addition, 1,000 µl of whole blood was incubated with 1 μg/ml Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide for 1 hr at 37 °C to determine the stimulated plasma elastase concentration. Gastrointestinal symptoms and feeding tolerance markers were measured preexercise, every 15 min during exercise, and hourly postexercise for 3 hr. The postexercise leukocyte (mean [95% confidence interval]: 12.7 [11.6, 14.0] × 109/L [main effect of time, MEOT]; p < .001) and neutrophil (10.2 [9.1, 11.5] × 109/L; p < .001) counts, as well as the plasma intestinal fatty acid binding protein (470 pg/ml; +120%; p = .012) and cortisol (236 nMol/L; +71%; p = .006) concentrations, were similar throughout recovery for both trials. No significant difference in breath H2 and gastrointestinal symptoms was observed between trials. The total (Trial × Time, p = .025) and per cell (Trial × Time, p = .001) bacterially stimulated neutrophil elastase release was greater for the chocolate-flavored dairy milk recovery beverage (+360% and +28%, respectively) in recovery, compared with the water trial (+85% and -38%, respectively). Chocolate-flavored dairy milk recovery beverage consumption immediately after exercise prevents the decrease in neutrophil function during the recovery period, and it does not account for substantial malabsorption or gastrointestinal symptoms over a water volume equivalent.
这项研究旨在确定在耐力运动后立即摄入一种乳制牛奶恢复饮料对白细胞迁移、中性粒细胞功能和恢复期间胃肠道耐受标志物的影响。11 名男性跑步者以 70%的最大摄氧量（V˙O2max）、限制液体摄入的方式在温带条件（25°C，43%相对湿度）下跑步 2 小时后，按随机顺序完成了两项喂养试验。在一项试验中，参与者在运动后立即接受了一种巧克力味的乳制牛奶饮料，相当于 1.2g/kg 体重的碳水化合物和 0.4g/kg 体重的蛋白质，而在另一项试验中则接受了与水相等体积的饮料。在运动前、运动后和恢复期间采集静脉血和呼吸样本，以确定白细胞计数、血浆肠脂肪酸结合蛋白和皮质醇浓度以及呼吸 H2。此外，将 1000µl 全血与 1µg/ml 大肠杆菌脂多糖在 37°C 下孵育 1 小时，以确定刺激后的血浆弹性蛋白酶浓度。在运动前、运动期间每 15 分钟以及运动后 3 小时内每小时测量胃肠道症状和喂养耐受标志物。运动后白细胞（平均值[95%置信区间]：12.7[11.6，14.0]×109/L[时间的主要效应，MEOT]；p<0.001）和中性粒细胞（10.2[9.1，11.5]×109/L；p<0.001）计数，以及血浆肠脂肪酸结合蛋白（470pg/ml；+120%；p=0.012）和皮质醇（236nMol/L；+71%；p=0.006）浓度在两次试验中均在整个恢复期间相似。两次试验之间呼吸 H2 和胃肠道症状无显著差异。与水试验相比，巧克力味乳制牛奶恢复饮料在恢复期间总（试验×时间，p=0.025）和每细胞（试验×时间，p=0.001）刺激的中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶释放更高（分别增加 360%和 28%）。巧克力味乳制牛奶恢复饮料在运动后立即摄入可防止恢复期间中性粒细胞功能下降，并且不会导致与水等体积相当的大量吸收不良或胃肠道症状。
