Extremes Research Group, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2011 Jun;21(3):205-13. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.21.3.205.
The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of carbohydrate (CHO) intake, with and without protein (PRO), immediately after prolonged strenuous exercise on circulating bacterially stimulated neutrophil degranulation. Twelve male runners completed 3 feeding interventions, 1 week apart, in randomized order after 2 hr of running at 75% VO2max. The feeding interventions included a placebo solution, a CHO solution equal to 1.2 g CHO/kg body mass (BM), and a CHO-PRO solution equal to 1.2 g CHO/kg BM and 0.4 g PRO/kg BM (CHO+PRO) immediately postexercise. All solutions were flavor and water-volume equivalent (12 ml/kg BM). Circulating leukocyte counts, bacterially stimulated neutrophil degranulation, plasma insulin, and cortisol were determined from blood samples collected preexercise, immediately postexercise, and every 30 min until 180 min postexercise. The immediate postexercise circulating leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and lymphocytosis (p < .01 vs. preexercise) and the delayed lymphopenia (90 min postexercise, p < .05 vs. preexercise) were similar on all trials. Bacterially stimulated neutrophil degranulation decreased during recovery in control (23% at 180 min, p < .01 vs. preexercise) but remained above preexercise levels with CHO and CHO+PRO. In conclusion, CHO ingestion, with or without PRO, immediately after prolonged strenuous exercise prevented the decrease in bacterially stimulated neutrophil degranulation during recovery.
本研究旨在确定在长时间剧烈运动后立即摄入碳水化合物（CHO），以及是否同时摄入蛋白质（PRO），对循环中细菌刺激的中性粒细胞脱颗粒的影响。12 名男性跑步者在以 75% VO2max 跑步 2 小时后，以 1 周为间隔，随机完成了 3 种喂养干预措施。喂养干预措施包括安慰剂溶液、相当于 1.2 g CHO/kg 体重（BM）的 CHO 溶液，以及相当于 1.2 g CHO/kg BM 和 0.4 g PRO/kg BM 的 CHO-PRO 溶液（CHO+PRO）。所有溶液的口味和水容量均相同（12 ml/kg BM）。在运动前、运动后即刻和运动后每 30 分钟至 180 分钟采集血液样本，以确定循环白细胞计数、细菌刺激的中性粒细胞脱颗粒、血浆胰岛素和皮质醇。所有试验中，运动后即刻的循环白细胞增多、中性粒细胞增多和淋巴细胞增多（p <.01 与运动前）以及延迟性淋巴细胞减少（90 分钟后，p <.05 与运动前）相似。在对照试验中，中性粒细胞脱颗粒在恢复期内逐渐减少（180 分钟时减少 23%，p <.01 与运动前），但 CHO 和 CHO+PRO 仍保持在运动前水平之上。总之，在长时间剧烈运动后立即摄入 CHO，无论是否同时摄入 PRO，都可防止恢复期内细菌刺激的中性粒细胞脱颗粒减少。
