Trikoupi Georgia, Papadopoulou Paraskevi, Papadopoulou Frederica, Theodoridis Alexandros, Papazoglou Lysimachos, Patsikas Michael
School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Stavrou Voutira, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Pediatric Ultrasound Center, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2020 Jul;61(4):453-460. doi: 10.1111/vru.12867. Epub 2020 May 27.
Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography (CE-VUS) has been generally considered as a promising tool to diagnose vesicoureteral reflux and abnormalities in lower urinary tract in human patients, especially in children. The purpose of this prospective study is to evaluate the quality of images of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained by CE-VUS using a second-generation ultrasound contrast agent (SonoVue®) in healthy dogs and to investigate the safety profile of SonoVue® after intravesical administration. Eighty-four CE-VUS examinations with SonoVue® were successfully performed in both unsedated (39/84) and sedated (45/84) dogs. Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography examination of urinary bladder was technically successful in all (84/84) dogs. The image quality was not considered adequate in five (5/84) dogs including three dogs in whom layering of contrast media during filling phase was observed and two dogs with premature destruction of microbubbles. In these five dogs, the problem was readily recognized and corrected such that the procedure was still successfully undertaken. The assessment of the urethra during spontaneous micturition was successfully performed in all (84/84) dogs in whom voiding was elicited during the examination. No side effects were observed after intravesical application of SonoVue®. This study demonstrates that CE-VUS is a feasible and valuable technique to evaluate low urinary tract morphology and function in dogs. Based on our review of the literature, there are no published reports about the use of this method in dogs.
对比增强排尿超声检查（CE-VUS）通常被认为是诊断人类患者，尤其是儿童膀胱输尿管反流和下尿路异常的一种有前景的工具。这项前瞻性研究的目的是评估在健康犬中使用第二代超声造影剂（声诺维®）通过CE-VUS获得的膀胱和尿道图像质量，并研究膀胱内给药后声诺维®的安全性。在未镇静（39/84）和镇静（45/84）的犬中成功进行了84次使用声诺维®的CE-VUS检查。所有（84/84）犬的膀胱对比增强排尿超声检查在技术上均获成功。五只（5/84）犬的图像质量被认为不充分，其中三只犬在充盈期观察到造影剂分层，两只犬存在微泡过早破坏的情况。在这五只犬中，问题很容易被识别并纠正，因此该检查仍成功完成。在检查过程中引发排尿的所有（84/84）犬中，均成功进行了自发性排尿期间尿道的评估。膀胱内应用声诺维®后未观察到副作用。本研究表明，CE-VUS是评估犬下尿路形态和功能的一种可行且有价值的技术。基于我们对文献的回顾，尚无关于该方法在犬中应用的已发表报告。
