Department of Psychology, BeiHang University, Beijing, China.
Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
J Gen Psychol. 2022 Jan-Mar;149(1):1-28. doi: 10.1080/00221309.2020.1771675. Epub 2020 May 28.
Although lexical competition has been ubiquitously observed in spoken word recognition, less has been known about whether the lexical competitors interfere with the recognition of the target and how lexical interference is resolved. The present study examined whether lexical competitors overlapping in output with the target would interfere with its recognition, and tested an underestimated hypothesis that the domain-general inhibitory control contributes to the resolution of lexical interference. Specifically, in this study, a Visual World Paradigm was used to access the temporal dynamics of lexical activations when participants were moving the mouse cursor to the written word form of the spoken word they heard. By using Chinese characters, the orthographic similarity between the lexical competitor and target was manipulated independently of their phonological overlap. The results demonstrated that behavioral performance in the similar condition was poorer compared to that in the control condition, and that individuals with better inhibitory control (having smaller Stroop interference effect) exhibited weaker activation of orthographic competitors (mouse trajectories less attracted by the orthographic competitors). The implications of these findings for our understanding of lexical interference and its resolution in spoken word recognition were discussed.
虽然词汇竞争在口语识别中被普遍观察到，但对于词汇竞争者是否会干扰目标的识别以及词汇干扰如何得到解决，人们知之甚少。本研究考察了与目标输出重叠的词汇竞争者是否会干扰其识别，并检验了一个被低估的假设，即一般性的抑制控制有助于解决词汇干扰。具体来说，在这项研究中，我们使用了视觉世界范式来研究参与者听到口语单词后，用鼠标光标移动到所听到单词的书写形式时词汇激活的时间动态。通过使用汉字，我们可以独立于其语音重叠来操纵词汇竞争者和目标之间的正字法相似性。结果表明，相似条件下的行为表现比控制条件差，并且抑制控制能力较好（斯特鲁普干扰效应较小）的个体对正字法竞争者的激活较弱（鼠标轨迹受正字法竞争者的吸引力较小）。这些发现对于我们理解口语识别中的词汇干扰及其解决具有重要意义。
