词汇音高相似度对汉语口语识别的影响：眼动研究证据
Influence of Lexical Tone Similarity on Spoken Word Recognition in Mandarin Chinese: Evidence From Eye Tracking.
机构信息
Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, China.
Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China.
出版信息
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2023 Sep 13;66(9):3453-3472. doi: 10.1044/2023_JSLHR-22-00297. Epub 2023 Aug 4.
PURPOSE
Using the visual world paradigm with the eye-tracking technique, this study examined the extent to which lexical tone similarity influences spoken word recognition.
METHOD
In two experiments, participants were audibly presented with a target word and visually presented with the same target word, a tonal competitor, and two distractors, and they were required to identify the target word. In Experiment 1, the two tonal competitors shared either acoustically highly similar tones (e.g., target word: "" //, "" vs. competitor: "" //, "") or acoustically lowly similar tones (e.g., target word: "" //, "" vs. competitor: "" //, ""). In Experiment 2, the acoustic similarity of the target words and the tonal competitors shared either acoustically highly similar tones or acoustically lowly similar tones or identical tones (e.g., target word: "" //, "" vs. competitor: " //, "").
RESULTS
The results of the two experiments consistently demonstrated a graded tonal competitor effect, in which acoustically highly similar tonal competitors attracted more visual attention than acoustically lowly similar tonal competitors.
CONCLUSION
Tonal similarity plays a graded constraining role in spoken word recognition in Mandarin Chinese.
目的
本研究采用视觉世界范式和眼动追踪技术，考察了声调相似性在汉语口语词汇识别中的影响程度。
方法
在两个实验中，参与者通过听觉呈现目标词，通过视觉呈现相同的目标词、声调竞争者和两个干扰词，并要求他们识别目标词。在实验 1 中，两个声调竞争者具有高度相似的声调（例如，目标词：“”//，“”与竞争者：“”//，“”）或低度相似的声调（例如，目标词：“”//，“”与竞争者：“”//，“”）。在实验 2 中，目标词和声调竞争者的声调相似性具有高度相似的声调、低度相似的声调或相同的声调（例如，目标词：“”//，“”与竞争者：“”//，“”）。
结果
两个实验的结果一致表明存在一种渐进的声调竞争者效应，即高度相似的声调竞争者比低度相似的声调竞争者吸引了更多的视觉注意。
结论
在汉语口语词汇识别中，声调相似性起着逐渐制约的作用。
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