Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Antioxid Redox Signal. 2020 Oct 1;33(10):713-724. doi: 10.1089/ars.2020.8086. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
In the host-microbe microenvironment, bioelectrical factors influence microbes and hosts as well as host-microbe interactions. This article discusses relevant mechanistic underpinnings of this novel paradigm. It also addresses how such knowledge may be leveraged to develop novel electroceutical solutions to manage biofilm infection. Systematic review and meta-analysis of several hundred wound studies reported a 78.2% prevalence of biofilms in chronic wounds. Biofilm infection is a major cause of delayed wound healing. In the host-microbe microenvironment, bioelectrical factors influence interactions between microbes and hosts. Rapid biological responses are driven by electrical signals generated by ion currents moving across cell membranes. Bacterial life, growth, and function rely on a bioelectrical milieu, which when perturbed impairs their ability to form a biofilm, a major threat to health care. Electrokinetic stability of several viral particles depend on electrostatic forces. Weak electrical field strength, otherwise safe for humans, can be anti-microbial in this context. In the host, the electric field enhanced keratinocyte migration, bolstered immune defenses, improved mitochondrial function, and demonstrated multiple other effects consistent with supporting wound healing. A deeper mechanistic understanding of bioelectrical principles will inform the design of next-generation electroceuticals. This is an opportune moment in time as there is a surge of interest in electroceuticals in medicine. Projected to reach $35.5 billion by 2025, electroceuticals are becoming a cynosure in the global market. The World Health Organization reports that more than 50% of surgical site infections can be antibiotic resistant. Electroceuticals offer a serious alternative.
在宿主-微生物微环境中，生物电化学因素会影响微生物和宿主，以及宿主-微生物的相互作用。本文讨论了这一新颖范式的相关机制基础。它还探讨了如何利用这些知识来开发新型电疗解决方案，以管理生物膜感染。 对数百项伤口研究的系统回顾和荟萃分析报告称，慢性伤口中生物膜的患病率为 78.2%。生物膜感染是导致伤口愈合延迟的主要原因。在宿主-微生物微环境中，生物电化学因素会影响微生物和宿主之间的相互作用。 电信号驱动快速的生物学反应，这些电信号是由跨细胞膜移动的离子电流产生的。细菌的生命、生长和功能依赖于生物电化学环境，当这种环境受到干扰时，会损害它们形成生物膜的能力，这对医疗保健构成了重大威胁。 几种病毒颗粒的电动稳定性取决于静电力。对于人类来说，弱电场强度是安全的，但在这种情况下可能具有抗菌作用。在宿主中，电场增强了角质形成细胞的迁移，增强了免疫防御，改善了线粒体功能，并表现出多种其他与支持伤口愈合一致的效应。 对生物电化学原理的更深入机制理解将为下一代电疗的设计提供信息。 随着电疗在医学领域的兴趣激增，现在是一个恰当时机。预计到 2025 年，电疗将达到 355 亿美元，成为全球市场的焦点。世界卫生组织报告称，超过 50%的手术部位感染可能具有抗药性。电疗提供了一种严重的替代方案。
